Modelling the links between changing weather patterns, species distributions and genetic diversity will allow researchers to better forecast biological impacts of climate change.Direct oxidative C(sp)-H/C(sp3 )-H cross-coupling offers an ideal and environmentally benign protocol for C(sp)-C(sp3 ) bond formations. As such, reactivity and site-selectivity with respect to C(sp3 )-H bond cleavage have remained a persistent challenge. Herein is reported a simple method for iron-catalyzed/silver-mediated tertiary alkylation of terminal alkynes with readily available and versatile 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. The reaction is suitable for an array of substrates and proceeds in a highly selective manner even employing alkanes containing other tertiary, benzylic, and C(sp3 )-H bonds alpha to heteroatoms. Elaboration of the products enables the synthesis of a series of versatile building blocks. Control experiments implicate the in situ generation of a tertiary carbon-centered radical species. The objective of this study was to isolate a bacteriocin-producing strain and to characterize the expressed bacteriocin for the control of Listeria monocytogenes with aim of biopreservation application. Soil samples from a Korean organic farm were subjected to microbiological analysis for isolation of potential bacteriocinogenic LAB, based on a three-level approach, using L. CB-5339 monocytogenes ATCC 15313 as an indicator test micro-organism. From a total of 17 isolates with inhibitory potential, seven were confirmed to be bacteriocin producers. The selected isolates were differentiated based on their morphology, catalase reaction, sugar fermentation profile obtained by API50CHL and by RAPD-PCR generating two unique profiles. One of the isolates, ST110LD, a specific strong producer of anti-Listeria bacteriocins (12800AUml ) was identified as Leuconostoc citreum. The proteinaceous nature of the inhibitory compound produced by Leuc. citreum ST110LD was confirmed through treatment with pepsin and α-chymotrypsin. and Enterococcus sp.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bacteriocin produced by Leuc. citreum strain with highly specific antimicrobial activity against Listeria sp. and Enterococcus sp.Generations of cryoballoon transformed the atrial fibrillation ablation landscape. New advancements continue to make cryoballoon more successful and safer treatment. A new cryoballoon PolaRx from Boston Scientific has unique features compared to that of the Medtronic Arctic Front Advance system. Comparison of the two available cryoballoons will require ongoing larger trial and clinical experience. To provide an overview of the parental, child, and socio-contextual factors related to general parenting self-efficacy (PSE) in the general population. Systematic review. Medline Ovid, Web of Science, Embase, and PsycINFO Ovid were systematically searched for studies published between January 1980-June 2020. Studies were included if they described associations between factor(s) and PSE among parents of children aged 0-18years old in the general population, and published in an English language peer-reviewed journal. Studies with participants from specific populations, studies describing the development of instruments for PSE, qualitative studies, reviews, theses, conference papers and book chapters were excluded. Belsky's process model of parenting guided the data synthesis. Of 3,819 articles, 30 articles met the inclusion criteria. Eighty-nine factors were identified. There was evidence of associations between child temperament, maternal parenting satisfaction, parenting stress, maternal depression,egies.There is some evidence for an association between some potentially modifiable factors and PSE in the general population, this information may be used by health and social professionals supporting child health and well-being. Future longitudinal studies are recommended to study parental, child and socio-contextual factors associated with PSE to inform the development of intervention strategies. A synthetic myocardial extracellular volume fraction (sECV) can be obtained without blood hematocrit (Hct) by using the linear relationship between Hct and the longitudinal relaxation time of blood. Concerns have been raised about the widespread clinical application of this approach. To assess the relationship between measured ECV (m-ECV) and sECV, using both a published model and a locally derived one. Single-center, prospective. A 1.5 T/modified Look Locker (MOLLI) sequence. Fifty-two healthy subjects and 113 patients (76 with and 37 without a hypertrophic cardiac phenotype). Three ECV values were obtained for each patient 1) measured ECV (m-ECV), using Hct from a venous blood sample; 2) Fent-synthetic ECV (F-sECV), using the equation proposed by Fent et al; and 3) Local-synthetic ECV (L-sECV), using the equation obtained from a local derivation cohort comprising 83 subjects. Shapiro-Wilk test, analysis of variance, Kruskal Wallis test, Pearson correlation, Bland-Altman analysis, univariate anted with a lower accuracy. 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY Stage 2.5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY Stage 2.Populations of the eastern hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis have been declining for decades, and emerging pathogens and pesticides are hypothesized to be contributing factors. However, few empirical studies have attempted to test the potential effects of these factors on hellbenders. We simultaneously exposed subadult hellbenders to environmentally relevant concentrations of either Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) or a frog virus 3-like ranavirus (RV), a combination of the pathogens, or each pathogen following exposure to a glyphosate herbicide (Roundup). Additionally, we measured the ability of the skin mucosome to inactivate Bd and RV in growth assays. We found that mucosome significantly inactivated RV by an average of 40% but had no negative effects on Bd growth. All treatments that included RV exposure experienced reduced survival compared to controls, and the combination of RV and herbicide resulted in 100% mortality. Histopathology verified RV as the cause of mortality in all RV-exposed treatments.