The discussion below focuses on what we know to date about the role of IL-17/IL-17R interactions in the tumor microenvironment in regulation of tumor growth and metastasis and highlights recent ideas concerning the possible utility of this knowledge in the clinic.T cells can be categorized into functionally diverse subpopulations, which include Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, and Tfh cells and Foxp3+ Tregs, based on their role in maintaining normal immune homeostasis and affecting pathological immune-associated diseases. Among these subpopulations, Th9 cells are relatively new, and less is known about their signaling and effects on tumor immunity. Recently, some studies have focused on regulation of the IL-9/IL-9R signaling pathway and Th9 cell differentiation and their roles in tumor environments. Herein, we summarize recent progress in understanding the regulatory signaling of IL-9 and Th9 cells and their critical roles and mechanisms in antitumor immunity.Interleukin (IL)-8 is a chemokine that is essential for inflammation and angiogenesis. IL-8 expression is elevated in tumor cell lines and tissues, as well as in peripheral blood obtained from cancer patients. Primary works have attempted to determine the biological effect of IL-8 on tumor cells, including cell proliferation, survival, and migration. More recently, IL-8 has acquired considerable attention as an immune modulator in the context of certain tumor microenvironments (TME); specifically, it can support a niche that favors tumor progression and metastasis. Tumor-derived IL-8 stimulates inflammation by interacting with the microenvironmental constituents, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. However, the tumor immune system is complex, and mechanisms that construct the immune phenotype remain incompletely characterized. Herein, we will (1) address a potential role of IL-8 in regulating gene expression to establish immune landscape in tumor. Then, we will (2) review IL-8 signaling in the maintenance of stem cells and regulation of hematopoietic progenitors. Finally, (3) IL-8 functions will be discussed in naturally occurring animal cancers that offer a clinically realistic model for translational research. This chapter will provide a new insight into the tumor immune niche and help us develop immunotherapies for cancers.Interleukin 1 (IL-1) has long been known for its pleiotropic effects on inflammation that plays a complex, and sometimes contrasting, role in different stages of cancer development. As a major proinflammatory cytokine, IL-1β is mainly expressed by innate immune cells. IL-1α, however, is expressed by various cell types under physiological and pathological conditions. IL-1R1 is the main receptor for both ligands and is expressed by various cell types, including innate and adaptive immune cell types, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, adipocytes, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, etc. IL-1 and IL-1R1 receptor interaction leads to a set of common signaling pathways, mainly the NF-kB and MAP kinase pathways, as a result of complex positive and negative regulations. The variety of cell types with IL-1R1 expression dictates the role of IL-1 signaling at different stages of cancer, which under certain circumstances leads to contrasting roles in tumor development. learn more Recent availability of IL-1R1 conditional knockout mouse model has made it possible to dissect the role of IL-1/IL-1R1 signaling transduction in different cell types within the tumor microenvironment. This chapter will focus on the role of IL-1/IL-1R1 in different cell types within the tumor microenvironment and discuss the potential of targeting this pathway in cancer therapy.Since psoriasis is an immuno-mediated skin disease, long-term therapies are necessary for its treatment. In clinical investigations, tacrolimus (TAC), a macrolide immunosuppressive inhibitor of calcineurin, arises as an alternative for the treatment of psoriasis, acting in some cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Here, we aim to study the psoriasis treatment with TAC and siRNA for one of most cytokines expressed in psoriasis, the TNF-α. A multifunctional nanostructure lipid carrier (NLC) was developed to co-delivery TAC and siRNA. Results showed that the particle size and zeta potential were around 230 nm and + 10 mV, respectively. The release study demonstrated a controlled release of TAC, and the permeation and retention profile in the skin tissue show to be promising for topical application. The cell viability and uptake in murine fibroblast presented low toxicity associated to uptake of NLC in 4 h, and finally, the in vivo animal model demonstrates the efficiency of the NLC multifunctional, exhibiting a reduction of the cytokine TNF-α expression about 7-fold and presenting a synergic effect between the TAC and TNF-α siRNA. The developed system was successfully to treat in vivo psoriatic animal model induced by imiquimod and the synergic combination was reported here for the first time. Graphical abstract.Lumateperone (Caplyta®) is a novel, orally available agent developed by Intra-Cellular Therapies (under a license from Bristol-Myers Squibb) for the treatment of schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. Lumateperone is a first-in-class selective and simultaneous modulator of serotonin, dopamine and glutamate. In December 2019, lumateperone received its first global approval in the USA for the treatment of schizophrenia in adults. The drug is also under clinical development for bipolar depression, behavioural disorders associated with dementia and Alzheimer's disease, sleep maintenance insomnia and major depressive disorders. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of lumateperone leading to this first approval for the treatment of schizophrenia.Parents frustrated about food marketing influences need media management skills to challenge marketing messages and interpret factual content. We tested a media literacy-based, family-centered intervention to reduce effects of appealing, but unrealistic, food marketing. We hypothesized that participation would facilitate family discussion that improves the home dietary environment and increases youth consumption of fruits and vegetables. Parent-child (age 9-14) dyads (N = 189) participated in a matched-group, pretest/posttest field experiment testing a 6-week media literacy-based curriculum. Hypothesis testing employed multiple analysis of covariance and Bayesian multigroup structural equation modeling (MGSEM). Improved nutrition outcomes for parents included talk with youth about food nutrition labels (d = 0.343) and ratio of healthy to unhealthy food in home (d = 0.232); youth improved talk with parent about food nutrition labels (d = 0.211), vegetables eaten yesterday (d = 0.264), and fruit eaten yesterday (d = 1.