16, = 0.004). No difference was noted in the cortical involvement of ICH (22% for patients with seizures and 14% for those without, = 0.156). Patients with seizures had higher in-hospital mortality ( 56% vs. 23%, = 0.024). The multivariate Cox regression model showed the factors significantly associated with ES were higher initial NIHSS scores on admission (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.1 per 1 point increased, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0-1.2) and coronary artery disease (aOR = 7.0, 95% CI = 1.3-36.4). The NIHSS scores and coronary heart disease were associated with ES in ICH, whereas cortical involvement was not. https://www.selleckchem.com/ These findings may reflect difference in post-stroke seizure and primary ICH between Asian and Western populations.The NIHSS scores and coronary heart disease were associated with ES in ICH, whereas cortical involvement was not. These findings may reflect difference in post-stroke seizure and primary ICH between Asian and Western populations. The overcrowded environments of emergency departments (EDs) lead to increased clinical workloads for nurses and infl uences the quality of patient care. This study aimed to evaluate whether the quality of patient care meets the expectations of emergency nurses in Taiwan by measuring the amount of time nurses spend on patient care activities. The direct observation study was conducted in one suburban academic hospital with approximately 80,000 annual ED visits. This study observed emergency nurses and the time they spent on their nursing activities. The directly measured times and nurse expected patient care nursing times were compared. For all 88 types of nursing activities recorded, each measured nursing time was less than the expected nursing time. On average, the measured nursing time was 82% less than the expected nursing time (2.0 ± 0.3 minutes vs. 11.6 ± 1.5 minutes, < 0.01). Among the 88 types of nursing activities recorded, the average measured time spent on 76 types (86%) was less than 3 minutes. The nursing activity on which the longest time was spent was cerebrospinal fl uid study nursing (7 minutes). The most frequent nursing activity was documentation. The nursing time spent on patient-care activities in EDs was much less than the nurses expected. The results may provide a basis for nursing quality measurements and manpower calculations for EDs.The nursing time spent on patient-care activities in EDs was much less than the nurses expected. The results may provide a basis for nursing quality measurements and manpower calculations for EDs. Scientific publications and academic research are objective indicators that provide dynamic views of the evolution of emergency medicine (EM). This study is aimed to evaluate the academic contribution of Taiwan emergency departments (EDs) by analyzing scientific publications. This is an observational study and all publications between 2012 and 2017 were retrieved from the Scopus database. The EM journals were adopted from the 2016 ( ) category of EM. Three groups of publications were enrolled (1) publications with first authors affiliated with Taiwan EDs in EM journals; (2) publications with first authors affiliated with Taiwan EDs in non-EM journals; (3) publications with first authors affiliated with Taiwan other than EDs in EM journals. Data regarding the name and category of the publishing journal, the publication year, the publication type, and the number of citations were collected for further analysis. The publication and category numbers were also merged with previous study to obtain a longer EDs has been increasingly recognized by both the global EM community and by other medical specialties during the past 25 years. The advancement of academic contribution by Taiwan EDs is evident from the perspectives of quantity and breadth.TransAsia Airways Flight 235 was a domestic flight that crashed into the Keelung River on February 4, 2015, about several minutes after take-off from Taipei Songshan Airport. There were 53 passengers and five crew members on board, however, only 15 of them survived. Twenty-seven casualties were sent to eight nearby hospitals. All of them were sent by ambulances of fire departments. Among 27 casualties, 10 experienced traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and the remaining 17 had traumatic injuries or hypothermia. The accident revealed several important issues regarding disaster medical response in Taiwan. First, compared to previous aircraft crash accidents in Taiwan, the search and rescue process was much more difficult because the airplane had fallen into the middle of a river. It was much more like a river rescue than an aircraft crash. Responders could not reach the casualties and provide care initially due to lack of proper equipment needed to cross the river. Second, the airplane crashed right on the border between two cities, the "command and communication" issue was also confused in the beginning. Third, the role of the disaster medical assistant team (DMAT) in Taiwan should be re-evaluated, including various protocols and standard procedures for dispatch, task, cooperation, staff training and logistics. By reviewing the response, we hope we can improve our system for the challenges in the future. Balanced fluids are preferred in initial resuscitation of septic patients based on several recent studies. The Stewart's concept on acid-base balance predicts that high strong ion difference (SID) fluid thus will increase the pH level. To date, the impact of high SID fluid in septic patient with metabolic acidosis remains uncertain. We conducted single center, randomized, double-blind trial to compare the effect of high SID fluid vs. Hartmann's solution on acid-base status in selected sepsis patients in the Emergency Department. Septic patient with hyperlactatemia and metabolic acidosis were randomized to receive either high SID fl uid or Hartmann's solution during initial fl uid resuscitation. The primary outcome measures the pH and bicarbonate levels difference pre- and post- resuscitation. One hundred and sixty-two patients underwent randomization, 81 were assigned each to receive high SID fluid or Hartmann's solution. Both groups had similar baseline characteristics. High SID group received 23.5 mL/kg and the Hartmann's group received 22.