58 (1.96-37.53); P = 0.004] and aortic valve annulus diameter >27.5 mm [hazard ratio 3.07 (0.99-9.58); P = 0.053]. BAV repair is as durable as TAV repair. EPZ004777 mouse is not a predictor of a higher rate of reoperations. BAV repair yields survival comparable to expected. Cusp perforation, aortic valve annulus diameter >27.5 mm and the use of pericardial patch adversely impact long-term outcome of aortic valve repair.27.5 mm and the use of pericardial patch adversely impact long-term outcome of aortic valve repair.Many natural and designed proteins are only marginally stable limiting their usefulness in research and applications. Recently, we described an automated structure and sequence-based design method, called PROSS, for optimizing protein stability and heterologous expression levels that has since been validated on dozens of proteins. Here, we introduce improvements to the method, workflow and presentation, including more accurate sequence analysis, error handling and automated analysis of the quality of the sequence alignment that is used in design calculations. PROSS2 is freely available for academic use at https//pross.weizmann.ac.il.The cherry-infesting fruit fly Rhagoletis cerasi Loew is a significant commercial pest in Europe that has recently invaded North America. To date, it has been trapped only in Canada and northwestern counties of New York. It has the potential to spread further and threaten production and movement of cherry commodities. Timely diagnosis of the pest will facilitate surveys and quick response to new detections. Adult morphology of the pest is distinct from other flies in North America. However, when flies are significantly damaged on traps or the immature life stages are found in fruits, molecular methods of identification are important to confirm presence and host-use records. Other than DNA sequencing of genes from flies which takes over a day to complete, there are no timely methods of molecular identification for this pest. In this study, we report the first sequence record of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) from R. cerasi and develop two diagnostic tests for the pest based on ITS1 differences among species in North America. The tests use loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and multiplex, conventional polymerase chain reaction (mcPCR) technologies that target the same region of the R. cerasi ITS1 sequence. Both tests performed well when tested against collections of R. cerasi from North America and Europe, generating Diagnostic Sensitivity estimates of 98.4-99.5%. #link# Likewise, the tests had relatively high estimates of Diagnostic Specificity (97.8-100%) when tested against Rhagoletis Loew species present in North America that also use cherry as a developmental host. Extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) are frequent in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and a challenging condition to manage. Tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonists (anti-TNFα) are recognized as the primary therapeutic option. We aimed to summarize evidence on the efficacy of ustekinumab for the treatment of EIMs. We searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to October 2020 all interventional and non-interventional studies published in English assessing ustekinumab efficacy for the treatment of EIMs. Nine studies (8 retrospective and 1 prospective) were included, enrolling a total of 254 patients with IBD and EIM. Ustekinumab showed its effectiveness for arthralgia and psoriatic arthritis in 152 patients through 3 high quality studies. Conversely, no efficacy was found in axial spondyloarthritis. Psoriasis, pyoderma gangrenosum and erythema nodosum were assessed in 7 studies including 65 patients and showed high response rate to ustekinumab treatment. Promising results for aphthous stomatitis and uveitis were reported, but data were limited to 20 patients from 2 studies. Ustekinumab showed to be an effective option for the treatment of EIMs, especially for dermatological and rheumatological manifestations. However, more data are needed to confirm the role of ustekinumab in this setting.Ustekinumab showed to be an effective option for the treatment of EIMs, especially for dermatological and rheumatological manifestations. However, more data are needed to confirm the role of ustekinumab in this setting. Progress towards viral hepatitis elimination goals relies on accurate estimates of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infection prevalence. We compared existing sources of country-level estimates from 2013 to 2017 to investigate the extent and underlying drivers of differences between them. The four commonly cited sources of global-prevalence estimates, i.e. the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Schweitzer et al., the World Health Organization (WHO) and the CDA Foundation, were compared by calculating pairwise differences between sets of estimates and assessing their within-country variation. Differences in underlying empirical data and modelling methods were investigated as contributors to differences in sub-Saharan African estimates. The four sets of estimates across all ages were comparable overall and agreed on the global distribution of HBV burden. The WHO and the CDA produced the most similar estimates, differing by a median of 0.8 percentage points. Larger discrepancies were seen in estimn. However, further seroprevalence data in young children are needed particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This is a priority, as monitoring progress towards elimination depends on improved knowledge of prevalence in this age group. Is there an association between 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure and fecundability and infertility among Seveso women and their daughters? TCDD exposure is associated with a decrease in fecundability and increased risk of infertility in women, as well as their daughters. In animal studies, maternal exposure to TCDD is associated with decreased fertility in offspring. Effects of TCDD are mediated by activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway. The Seveso Women's Health Study (SWHS) has followed 981 women exposed to TCDD in a 1976 accident since 1996. In 2014, we initiated the Seveso Second Generation Study to follow-up their children. We obtained information on pregnancy history including time of trying to conceive from SWHS women and their daughters who were 18 years or older. We considered TCDD exposure as initial 1976 serum TCDD concentration and estimated TCDD at pregnancy. We examined relationships of TCDD exposure with time to pregnancy (TTP, the monthly probability of conception within the first 12 months of trying) and infertility (≥12 months of trying to conceive).