With the aid of the probe, we demonstrated a significant decrease in the protein thiols and the accumulation of oxidized thioredoxin in a cellular model of Parkinson's disease.Based on the concept of the active drug delivery of micro- and nanomotors and the longer cycle time in the blood for drug-loaded tubular particles, it is important to develop novel tubular micromotors that could increase drug loading and achieve more effective treatments in the biomedical field. Here, a novel kind of mesoporous tubular micromotor used to load heparin (Hep) and formed via template-assisted electrochemical deposition is presented. Firstly, the mesoporous tubular micromotors were composed of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), mesoporous silica (MS) and manganese dioxide (MnO2), and were simply fabricated via template-assisted electrochemical growth. Then, the drug Hep was loaded into PEDOT/MS/MnO2via a simple soaking process. Finally, the release process, cytotoxicity, and blood compatibility tests and motion study for these mesoporous tubular micromotors of PEDOT/MS/MnO2-Hep were performed. Results indicated that the micromotors we prepared showed good controlled release of Hep, anticoagulant effects, non-cytotoxicity and autonomous motion ability. The new drug carrier and motion mode will give rise to more potential applications of Hep in the biomedical field.The precise locoregional co-delivery of multi-agents is an attractive strategy for combination cancer therapy, with the imperative requirement of an ideal injectable hydrogel platform with immense adaptability and multicomponent compatibility to achieve synergetic therapeutic efficiency. Herein, the methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone-co-1,4,8-trioxa[4.6]spiro-9-undecanone) (mPECT) diblock copolymer was empolyed to prepare mPECT-modified gold nanorods (AuNR-PECT) and paclitaxel-loaded mPECT nanoparticles (PTX/mPECT NPs). Then, an injectable nanocomposite hydrogel (AuNR/PTXmPECTgel) was fabricated by the host-guest inclusion between AuNR-PECT, PTX/mPECT NPs and α-cyclodextrin. A single local injection of AuNR/PTXmPECTgel could deposit abundant PTX/mPECT NPs (20% w/w) and AuNRs at the target location, which then sustainedly released PTX/mPECT NPs at a constant rate for two weeks and exhibited outstanding photothermal effects by near-infrared radiation. As a result, complete tumor regression after peritumoral injection of AuNR/PTXmPECTgel and effective inhibition of tumor recurrence after injection of AuNR/PTXmPECTgel in the postoperative cavity were observed in breast cancer mouse models; this can be attributed to the in situ synergetic chemo-photothermal anticancer efficiencies of AuNR and the PTX/mPECT NPs. Remarkably, this injectable hydrogel platform constructed by supramolecular assembly of multi-nanoagents can be facilely extended to local combination therapies of different therapeutic agents.Autophagy is associated with the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this study, we investigated the biological impact of silica-based nanobiomateiral-induced autophagy on the differentiation of MSCs, in which the nanoparticulate cues include solid silica nanoparticles (SSN), mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) and biodegradable mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSN). learn more The treatment with SSN significantly up-regulated the LC3-II expression via ERK1/2 and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways compared to DMSN and MSN, leading to a higher autophagic activity in MSCs. The enhanced protein adsorption of DMSN and MSN could prevent the direct interaction between cells and nanoparticles, which consequently reduces the autophagic stimulation of MSCs. It should be noted that MSCs exhibited increased differentiation potential when the autophagic activity was enhanced by the treatment with different nanoparticles. In comparison, no difference in the cell differentiation potential was found when an autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine, CQ) was incorporated in all groups. The study may contribute to the development of silica-based nanobiomaterials in the future.Spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a challenging clinical problem worldwide, due to the lack of effective drugs for precise treatment. Among the complex pathophysiological events following SCI, reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction plays a particularly significant role. As therapeutic agents for neurological diseases, tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) and monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) have been widely used in the clinical treatment of SCI. Our previous studies have reported that functionalized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) exhibit excellent antioxidant activity against oxidative stress-related diseases. Therefore, in this study, novel multifunctionalized SeNPs decorated with polysaccharide-protein complex (PTW)/PG-6 peptide and loaded with TMP/GM1 were rationally designed and synthesized, which exhibited a satisfactory size distribution and superior stability. Furthermore, the protective effects of SeNPs@GM1/TMP on PC12 cells against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH)-induced cytotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms were also explored. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that SeNPs@GM1/TMP showed strongly protective effects against t-BOOH-induced G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, we found that SeNPs@GM1/TMP could attenuate ROS overproduction to prevent mitochondria dysfunction via inhibiting the activation of p53 and MAPK pathways. Effects of SeNPs@GM1/TMP on functional recovery after SCI were evaluated by the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) locomotion scale, inclined plane test, and footprint analysis. The results of hematoxylin-eosin staining and Nissl staining also showed that SeNPs@GM1/TMP provided a neuroprotective effect in SCI rats. This finding suggests that SeNPs@GM1/TMP could be further developed as a promising nanomedicine for efficient SCI treatment.In this work, a novel ratiometric SERS biosensor with only one Raman probe was fabricated in combination with the DNA hydrogel-captured glucose oxidase (GOx) amplification method to realize an accurate and sensitive assay for microRNA (miRNA) 122, which could overcome the complex operational process and chemical waste issues of the traditional ratiometric approach with two different signal probes. Here, 3-mercaptophenylboronic acid (3-MPBA) as a standard reference with a unique Raman peak at 996 cm-1 was first connected to silica@Au nanoflower (Si@AuNF) SERS substrates. When the DNA hydrogel containing GOx was opened by the released DNA (R) from the target miRNA-induced cycle amplification process, GOx could be released from the DNA hydrogel. Therefore, GOx could catalyze the oxidation of glucose to produce H2O2 on Si@AuNFs. Subsequently, the acquired H2O2 could further react with 3-MPBA to produce 3-hydroxythiophenol (3-HTP) with a new Raman peak at 883 cm-1. During this time, the intensity of the peak at 996 cm-1 almost remained the same, which could act as a reference standard.