We aimed to determine whether high-flow nasal oxygen could reduce the incidence of decreased peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO ) compared with standard oxygen in patients at risk of hypoxaemia undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy under deep sedation. This was a multicentre, randomised controlled trial with blinded assessment of the primary outcome evaluating high-flow nasal oxygen (gas flow 70 L min , inspired oxygen fraction 0.50) or standard oxygen delivered via nasal cannula or face mask (6 L min ) or nasopharyngeal tube (5 L min ) in patients at risk of hypoxaemia (i.e. >60 yr old, or with underlying cardiac or respiratory disease, or with ASA physical status >1, or with obesity or sleep apnoea syndrome) undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. The primary endpoint was the incidence of SpO ≤92%. Secondary outcomes included prolonged or severe desaturations, need for manoeuvres to maintain free upper airways, and other adverse events. In 379 patients, a decrease in SpO ≤92% occurred in 9.4% (18/191) for the high-flow nasal oxygen group, and 33.5% (63/188) for the standard oxygen groups (adjusted absolute risk difference, -23.4% [95% confidence interval (CI), -28.9 to -16.7]; P<0.001). Prolonged desaturation (>1 min) and manoeuvres to maintain free upper airways were less frequent in the high-flow nasal oxygen group than in the standard oxygen group (7.3% vs 14.9%, P=.02, and 11.1% vs 32.4%, P<0.001). In patients at risk of hypoxaemia undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy under deep sedation, use of high-flow nasal oxygen significantly reduced the incidence of peripheral oxygen desaturation. NCT03829293.NCT03829293.A complete-arch implant-supported interim prosthesis was fabricated from a cone beam computed tomography digital scan of the implant abutments for a patient with primordial dwarfism. The patient presented with limited mouth opening, which hindered the use of a conventional impression technique. The described technique provided an alternative digital procedure to obtain a virtual implant definitive cast. Although force-damping behavior that matches natural teeth may be unobtainable, an optimal combination of crown material and luting agent might have a beneficial effect on the force absorption capacity of implant-supported restorations. However, the force-absorbing behavior of various restorative materials has not yet been satisfactorily investigated. The purpose of this invitro study was to evaluate the material dependent force-damping behavior of implant-supported crowns fabricated from different computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials luted to implant abutments under different conditions. Titanium inserts (N=84) were screwed to implant analogs, scanned to design zirconia abutments, and divided into 4 groups to receive CAD-CAM fabricated crowns in 4 materials zirconia, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polymer-infiltrated ceramics (VITA ENAMIC), and lithium disilicate (e.max). The crowns were subdivided as per the luting agent none, interim cement, and adhesive resin cemeeri-implant bone in the crown-abutment-implant complex.Force damping is generally material dependent, yet implant-supported crowns fabricated from resilient materials such as polymer-infiltrated ceramics and PEEK show better force absorption than rigid materials such as zirconia and lithium disilicate ceramics. Furthermore, cementation of rigid materials significantly increased slope loss, indicating enhancement in their force-damping behavior, whereas less-rigid materials benefit less from cementation. Further studies are essential to investigate the effect of prosthetic materials on the stress distribution to the peri-implant bone in the crown-abutment-implant complex.Parameters such as the correct 3-dimensional positioning and the quality of peri-implant soft tissues are fundamental to the success of implant-supported restorations. Digital planning and guided surgery techniques can make the implant placement more accurate, and modifying the periodontal phenotype is often fundamental to increasing esthetics and peri-implant health, mainly in esthetic areas. This article describes a guided surgery technique that assists in the 3-dimensional positioning of implants and identifies the best anatomic area (volume and safety) for obtaining a palatal gingival graft. Titanium-supported polyetheretherketone (PEEK) abutments provide an economic alternative to zirconia abutments in esthetically important areas. Research comparing the performance regarding esthetics, longevity, and biologicparameters of PEEK abutments is lacking. The purpose of this clinical study was to determine whether PEEK implant abutments provide similar esthetic and biologic parameters and survival rates as zirconia implant abutments. Forty participants (age 20 to 50 years) receiving maxillary anterior and premolar implants were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned into 1 of 2 groups Group PEEK (20 titanium-supported PEEK abutments) and group ZIR (20 zirconia abutments). Both groups were restored with pressed lithium disilicate ceramic crowns. Technical, biologic, and esthetic evaluation was performed at baseline and at 1, 3, and 5 years. The probing pocket depth, plaque control record, and bleeding on probingwere recorded at the abutments (test) and compared with those at the correspondins similar for implants supporting zirconia and PEEK abutments mean mesial bone level (group ZIR 1.8 ±0.5 mm; group PEEK 1.9 ±0.6 mm), and mean distal bone level (group ZIR 1.7 ±0.6 mm, group PEEK 1.8 ±0.3 mm). The initial color difference (ΔE) between the peri-implant mucosa and gingiva of the analogous contralateral teeth diminished over time. Proxalutamide mouse No discoloration of the definitive restoration supported by PEEK or zirconia was detected over 5 years. At the 5-year evaluation, zirconia and PEEK abutments exhibited the same survival rate with similar biologic and esthetic outcomes.At the 5-year evaluation, zirconia and PEEK abutments exhibited the same survival rate with similar biologic and esthetic outcomes. Gastrostomy insertion is a common procedure for paediatric surgeons, with the percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) technique long favoured for its simplicity and speed. However, there is growing evidence to suggest that primary laparoscopic balloon gastrostomy (LBG) insertions may have lower complication rates. This study aimed to determine the relative safety and healthcare resource burden of PEG and LBG. A retrospective review of all primary gastrostomy insertions (2011-2019). Primary outcome measures included return to theatre for emergency laparotomy and healthcare burden (total gastrostomy-related admissions, length of stay and total theatre utilisation). 338 PEGs and 277 LBGs were inserted with a minimum follow-up period of six months. Following PEG insertion 12/338(3.6%) children required an emergency laparotomy for gastrostomy-related complications. This compared to 2/277(0.7%) following LBG insertion (ARR2.8% (95%CI0.6-5.0), p<0.0267). When considering all gastrostomy related admissions, there was no significant difference in total theatre utilisation (PEG=85 [IQR58-117] minutes, LBG=86 [IQR75-105] minutes, p=0.