The anti-inflammatory molecule annexin A1 (ANXA1) determines the ultimate fate of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) in glaucoma. Cytoplasmic and extracellular ANXA1 facilitate resolution of inflammation. Maraviroc However, the nuclear translocation of ANXA1 induces RGC apoptosis in a murine glaucoma model, and the maintenance of ANXA1 secreted in the extracellular environments remains unclear. In this study, we found that intravitreal injection of the recombinant adenovirus vector (Ad)-ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1; carrying full-length ABCA1) improved RGC survival in the ischemia reperfusion (IR) mice model. Upregulation of ABCA1 maintained ANXA1 cytoplasmic location and reduced ANXA1 nuclear translocation, which is due to the decreased binding of ANXA1 with importin β. Moreover, we found that amino acids 903 to 1,344 of ABCA1 interacted with ANXA1 and decreased its nuclear localization. Importantly, intravitreal injection of adenovirus-associated viral (AAV) vector AAV8-ABCA1 (carrying 903 to 1,344 fragments of ABCA1) maintained ANXA1 cytoplasmic location and improved RGC survival in the IR mice model. Thus, overexpression of ABCA1 protects against RGC apoptosis by partially blocking ANXA1 nuclear translocation. This study puts forth a potential gene treatment strategy to prevent RGC apoptosis in glaucoma.Effective detection of microbiological contaminations present in medicinal cellular products is a crucial step to ensure patients' safety. In recent decades, several rapid microbiological methods have been developed and validated, but variabilities linked to the use of different resources have led to discordant validation of methods and performance results. Considering this, while developing an in-house BacT/Alert-based method, we evaluated all of the materials used in its validation. Of particular importance, we noticed that the syringe gauge used to inject the samples into the bottles was crucial to obtain robust results. We chose to conduct a comparative test between the BacT/Alert system and the compendial method described in the European Pharmacopoeia, using five dilutions of nine reference microorganism strains and 21G or 27G needles. Our results confirmed that the BacT/Alert system is a valid and faster alternative method to assess sterility of clinical cell therapy products, and that the use of 27G needles increases its sensitivity to detect reference anaerobe microorganisms.Batten disease is a family of rare, fatal, neuropediatric diseases presenting with memory/learning decline, blindness, and loss of motor function. Recently, we reported the use of an AAV9-mediated gene therapy that prevents disease progression in a mouse model of CLN6-Batten disease (Cln6 nclf ), restoring lifespans in treated animals. Despite the success of our viral-mediated gene therapy, the dosing strategy was optimized for delivery to the brain parenchyma and may limit the therapeutic potential to other disease-relevant tissues, such as the eye. Here, we examine whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) delivery of scAAV9.CB.CLN6 is sufficient to ameliorate visual deficits in Cln6 nclf mice. We show that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) delivery of scAAV9.CB.CLN6 completely prevents hallmark Batten disease pathology in the visual processing centers of the brain, preserving neurons of the superior colliculus, thalamus, and cerebral cortex. Importantly, i.c.v.-delivered scAAV9.CB.CLN6 also expresses in many cells throughout the central retina, preserving many photoreceptors typically lost in Cln6 nclf mice. Lastly, scAAV9.CB.CLN6 treatment partially preserved visual acuity in Cln6 nclf mice as measured by optokinetic response. Taken together, we report the first instance of CSF-delivered viral gene reaching and rescuing pathology in both the brain parenchyma and retinal neurons, thereby partially slowing visual deterioration.We investigated the immunogenic cell death provoked by oxaliplatin (OXA) and the involvement of OXA-induced immunosuppression in colorectal cancer. Immune-proficient or -deficient mice were employed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of OXA. Immunogenic cell death was characterized by cell-surface calreticulin, cytosol-translocated high migration rate group protein B1 (HMGB1), and secretory ATP content. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cell (BMDC) maturation and CD8+ T cell expansion were measured by flow cytometry. Expression of immunosuppressive genes was quantified by both RT-PCR and western blots. The proliferative and apoptotic indexes of xenograft tumors were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assays, respectively. The secretory cytokines were measured with ELISA. OXA induced immunogenic cell death of murine colorectal cancer, which greatly depended on the host immune response. OXA-pretreated CT26 cells promoted BMDC maturation and CD8+ T cell expansion. OXA significantly upregulated indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in patient-derived colorectal cancer cells and in combination with the IDO1-specific inhibitor, NLG919, suppressed tumor progression. Simultaneous administration with both OXA and NLG919 greatly promoted CD8+ T cell infiltration and decreased immunosuppressive cytokine transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) production, whereas increased immunostimulatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-12p70 and interferon (IFN)-γ. We demonstrated the upregulation of IDO1 by OXA, which combined with the IDO1 inhibitor, tremendously potentiated therapeutic effects of OXA against colorectal cancer.Staphylococcus hyicus is the most common causative agent of exudative epidermitis (EE) in piglets. Staphylococcus hyicus can be grouped into toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains based on its ability to cause EE in pigs. However, the inflammatory response of piglets infected with toxigenic and non-toxigenic S. hyicus has not been elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the serum cytokine profile in piglets inoculated with toxigenic and non-toxigenic S. hyicus strains and recorded the clinical signs in piglets. Fifteen piglets were divided into three groups (n = 5) and inoculated with a toxigenic strain (ZC-4), a non-toxigenic strain (CF-1), and PBS (control), respectively. The changes in serum levels of cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon-γ, transforming growth factor-β1, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were evaluated using a cytokine array at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h post inoculation. The results showed that piglets infected with the toxigenic strain exhibited more severe clinical signs and higher mortality than those infected with the non-toxigenic strain.