Stroke is a lethal cerebral disease with severe sequelae and high mortality. Microglia, the main immune cell in the cerebrum, possess therapeutic potential for strokes as its specific anti-inflammatory phenotype can reduce inflammation and promote neuron regeneration. However, the on-demand anti-inflammatory polarization of microglia at the stroke site is uncontrollable for therapeutic application. Here, we develop a platelet hybrid microglia platform which can specifically polarize to the anti-inflammatory phenotype by ultrasound irradiation for targeted cerebrum repair after stroke. The engineered microglia have strong adherence to the injured cerebral vessels with platelet membrane fusion and realize on-demand anti-inflammatory polarization with ultrasound-responsive IL-4 liposome decoration. The intravenously injected microglia platform showed anti-inflammatory polarization at the stroke site with insonation, and accelerated the M2-type polarization of endogenous microglia for long-term stroke recovery. Satisfied prognoses were achieved with reduced apoptosis, promoted neurogenesis, and functional recovery, indicating the implications of the microglia platform for stroke therapy.Hybridization increases genetic variation, hence hybrid species may have greater evolutionary potential once their admixed genomes have stabilized and incompatibilities have been purged. Yet, little is known about how such hybrid lineages evolve at the genomic level following their formation, in particular their adaptive potential. Here we investigate how the Italian sparrow (Passer italiae), a homoploid hybrid species, has evolved and locally adapted to its variable environment. Using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) on several populations across the Italian peninsula, we evaluate how genomic constraints and novel genetic variation have influenced population divergence and adaptation. We show that population divergence within this hybrid species has evolved in response to climatic variation, suggesting ongoing local adaptation. As found previously in other nonhybrid species, climatic differences appear to increase population differentiation. We also report strong population divergence in a gene known to affect beak morphology. Most of the strongly divergent loci among Italian sparrow populations do not seem to be differentiated between its parent species, the house and Spanish sparrows. MEK inhibitor cancer Unlike in the hybrid, population divergence within each of the parental taxa has occurred mostly at loci with high allele frequency difference between the parental species, suggesting that novel combinations of parental alleles in the hybrid have not necessarily enhanced its evolutionary potential. Rather, our study suggests that constraints linked to incompatibilities may have restricted the evolution of this admixed genome, both during and after hybrid species formation. To discover the level of evidence-based practice competency of Spanish nurses, to develop a scale of the EBP-COQ-Prof© and to analyse the influence of different variables on the level of competency. The evidence-based practice competency has previously been assessed using a wide variety of instruments, although these have methodological limitations and lack associated scales that allow for the interpretation of the score obtained. Observational, cross-sectional, national study. Using an online questionnaire, data were obtained between January and March 2020 from nurses working in the National Health System. An ANOVA was performed along with multiple regression analyses. The T-score and percentiles were calculated to obtain the scale of the EBP-COQ-Prof©. 2,942 nurses participated. The score for the evidence-based practice competency was 130.29 (standard deviation 17.55). The multiple regression analysis showed a model comprised of 8 variables that explained 33% of the variance. The Spanish nurses have a moderate level of evidence-based practice competency. The scale classifies the subjects into 3 levels low, moderate and high competency. The scale proposed for the EBP-COQ-Prof© could be utilized to facilitate the diagnosis of evidence-based practice competency, and to monitor and plan individual and collective strategies to improve this competency.The scale proposed for the EBP-COQ-Prof© could be utilized to facilitate the diagnosis of evidence-based practice competency, and to monitor and plan individual and collective strategies to improve this competency. Cardiac tumors are rare conditions. The vast majority of them are benign yet they may lead to serious complications. Complete surgical resection is the gold standard treatment and should be performed as soon as the diagnosis is made. Median sternotomy (MS) is the standard approach and provides excellent early outcomes and durable results at follow-up. However, minimally invasive (MI) is gaining popularity and its role in the treatment of cardiac tumors needs further clarification. A systematic literature review identified 12 candidate studies; of these, 11 met the meta-analysis criteria. We analyzed outcomes of 653 subjects (294 MI and 359 MS) with random effects modeling. Each study was assessed for heterogeneity. The primary endpoints were mortality at follow-up and tumor relapse. Secondary endpoints included relevant intraoperative and postoperative outcomes; tumor size was also considered. There were no significant between-group differences in terms of late mortality (incidence rate ratio [IRR] MI vs. MS, 0.98 [95% confidence interval [CI] 0.25-3.82], p = .98). Few relapses (IRR 1.13; CI 0.26-4.88; p = .87) and redo surgery (IRR 1.92; 95% CI 0.39-9.53; p = .42) were observed in both groups; MI approach resulted in prolonged operation time but that did not influence the clinical outcomes. Tumor size did not significantly differ between groups. Both MI and MS are associated with excellent early and late outcomes with acceptable survival rate and low incidence of recurrences. This study confirms that cardiac tumor may be approached safely and radically with a MI approach.Both MI and MS are associated with excellent early and late outcomes with acceptable survival rate and low incidence of recurrences. This study confirms that cardiac tumor may be approached safely and radically with a MI approach.