294 participants, in their entirety, completed the questionnaire. From the feedback gathered, 907% of respondents indicated a strong or main agreement that interdisciplinary work is central to their everyday clinical duties. The overwhelming sentiment, expressed by 789%, was the need for enhanced interdisciplinary collaboration. From the 497% of participants who haven't been involved in interdisciplinary research before, an astonishing 801% said that they would be interested in participating in a similar future research project. The process of practical implementation faced impediments stemming from insufficient time resources, excessive administrative efforts, and the potential for political clashes between the different institutions. 741% of those polled expressed their desire to get involved with an oncology early career research group.In oncology, interdisciplinary collaboration is becoming more and more indispensable. To promote interdisciplinary research among young scientists, networks that bridge different fields are crucial, impacting professional exchanges and education, consequently improving patient care.The field of oncology is undergoing a transformation due to the increasing significance of interdisciplinary collaboration. Encouraging the exchange of ideas among young scientists, facilitated by networks spanning diverse fields, is crucial to fostering interdisciplinary research and improving professional practice, education, and patient care.A high mortality rate is sadly associated with the aggressive neuroendocrine skin tumor, Merkel cell carcinoma. Yet, the clinical profile of this condition in Asian populations remains uncertain, due to its low incidence.Analyzing the clinicopathological presentation of MCC, a study to determine prognostic elements associated with it.In a retrospective review, medical records from 62 individuals with MCC were scrutinized. The investigators meticulously collected and analyzed patient data, encompassing clinical features, survival outcomes, prognostic factors, histopathology and immunohistochemical profiling. The Merkel cell polyomavirus status was characterized via immunohistochemical procedures.MCC occurrences experienced a substantial escalation over the period under review. With an average follow-up duration of 512 months, the overall 5-year survival rate reached 806%. A significantly higher number of female patients were identified with MCC, compared to male patients, which totaled 131. A significant proportion, approximately half, of the presenting patients exhibited stage one disease. A significant number of primary tumors were situated in the lower extremities (403%), subsequently in the head and neck (323%), the upper extremities (226%), and lastly the trunk (48%). Survival rates were generally lower among males, a finding supported by a p-value of 0.0003. A noteworthy augmentation in overall survival was observed following the use of post-resection adjuvant radiotherapy (p=0.0023), signifying a statistically meaningful impact. Progression-free survival (p=0.036) was positively correlated with surgical sentinel lymph node biopsy in stage I and II cancer patients. A poor prognosis was linked to the presence of lymphovascular and perineural invasion. There was no correlation observed between prognosis and factors such as age, immunohistochemical profiles, and the presence of Merkel cell polyomavirus.The combination of sentinel lymph node biopsy and post-surgical adjuvant radiotherapy yields a marked improvement in the progression of MCC.The clinical path of MCC is substantially better when sentinel lymph node biopsy is performed and followed by post-surgical adjuvant radiotherapy.Lung cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, prominently features a high incidence and mortality rate; non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) stands as the most prevalent form. Addressing the progression of advanced lung cancer through traditional chemotherapy and targeted therapy frequently faces limitations and difficulties. In recent times, the clinical application of immunotherapy has dramatically altered the therapeutic approach to lung cancer. In NSCLC patients currently, immunotherapy has demonstrated conspicuous efficacy when the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and the tumor mutational burden (TMB) are both elevated. Targeted cancer therapies are now spurred by the exciting finding of driver mutations. However, the use of immunotherapy in NSCLC patients with these specific driver mutations remains a topic of ongoing discussion and disagreement.Recent research breakthroughs in immunotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer were reviewed in this article. Regarding NSCLC patients, we carefully analyzed the implications of various driver mutations and immunotherapy, then compiled a summary of the predictive influence of various driver mutations and immunotherapy.Predicting the positive impacts of immunotherapy might be possible using KRAS, KRAS+TP53, EPHA (especially EPHA5), ZFHX3, ZFHX3+TP53, NOTCH, BRAF, and LRP1B+FAT3 mutations as biomarkers. A more significant benefit from immunotherapy is observed in LUAD patients who have mutations in ZFHX3, ZFHX3+TP53, STKII/LKB1+KEAP1+SMARCA4+PBRM1. The presence of EGFR, KEAP1, STKII/LKB1+KRAS, EML4-ALK, MET exon 14 skipping, PBRM1, STKII/LKB1+KEAP1+SMARCA4+PBRM1, ERBB2, PIK3CA, and RET mutations frequently indicates a suboptimal response to immunotherapy.Gene mutations and immunotherapy efficacy have been shown to have a significant association. Predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy necessitates integrating gene mutations with PD-L1, TMB, and other relevant factors.Research has shown that the success rates of immunotherapy are linked to various gene mutations. A comprehensive prediction of immunotherapy's outcome hinges on the combination of gene mutations with PD-L1, TMB, and similar indicators.Adenocarcinomas of the lung, characterized by ALK rearrangements and harboring TP53 mutations, display greater genomic instability, lower response rates to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and an inferior prognosis when compared to tumors with the same ALK rearrangements but wild-type TP53. Our analysis explores the genetic variations that appear concurrently with ALK/RET/ROS1 rearrangements within NSCLC, evaluating the corresponding tumor immune microenvironment, and exploring their associations with prognosis.A total of 155 patients with the characteristic ALK/RET/ROS1 fusions were included in the retrospective study. The tumor genome's mutations were sequenced using next-generation sequencing. The analysis of PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was conducted via multiplex immunohistochemistry. The analysis explored the connections between variations in gene expression, the tumor's immune microenvironment, and characteristics observed in the clinic and pathology.In a cohort of 155 patients, the presence of a TP53 mutation was the most prevalent finding, affecting 31% of the sample group, with CDKN2A/B copy number loss trailing behind at 15%. The group characterized by ALK/RET/ROS1 fusion and TP53 or CDKN2A/B covariation displayed a significantly higher percentage of male patients and those with stage IV disease (p<0.0001, p=0.00066). The combined presence of TP53 and CDKN2A/B mutations in patients was associated with a greater tumor mutation burden and a higher count of neoantigens, statistically significant (p<0.0001, p=0.00032). In tumor regions of the TP53 or CDKN2A/B co-occurring group, PD-L1 expression demonstrated a higher level (p=0.000038). Nonetheless, the concentrations of CD8 lymphocytes are significant., CD8PD1, and CD8PD-L1A statistically significant decrease in the number of TILs was observed within the tumor tissues of this group (p=0.0043, p=0.0029, p=0.0025). The TCGA NSCLC data revealed CDKN2A/B (24%) and TP53 (16%) as the top two mutated genes. Simultaneous presence of TP53 and CDKN2A/B mutations correlated with increased tumor mutation burden and a reduced overall survival (OS) duration, a statistically significant finding (p<0.0001, p<0.0001).Patients harboring both TP53/CDKN2A/B alterations and ALK/RET/ROS1 translocations tend to display higher tumor mutational burden, a greater number of neoantigens, an environment that suppresses the immune response, and a more unfavorable prognosis.Patients presenting with combined TP53/CDKN2A/B genetic variations and ALK/RET/ROS1 chromosomal rearrangements often display a high tumor mutational burden, a greater number of neoantigens, an immunosuppressive tumor environment, and a less favorable prognosis.A key consideration in adaptation planning and implementation is the comprehensive vulnerability and risk assessment (VRA). The co-creation process, detailed in this research paper, examined the Government of Nepal's and Nepal's stakeholders' successful alignment with and implementation of the vulnerability and risk assessment framework, spotlighting effective approaches for the country's context. The methodological framework encompasses eight stages, starting with (i) scoping, followed by (ii) framework review, (iii) data source identification, (iv) exploring the nature and characteristics of data sources, (v) data collection, tabulation, filtration, and normalization, (vi) determining weightage and composite values, (vii) data analysis, and (viii) identifying climate change impact, vulnerability, and risk. Summarizing the impacts, vulnerabilities, and risks discovered in Nepal's vulnerability and risk assessment, with context, root causes, and trend analysis are included. Assessments rooted in research findings can aid in developing potential adaptation options and improving decision-making at national and sub-national scales. Though guided by the indicators, there were impediments to a complete analysis of vulnerability and risks. checkpoint inhibitor A multi-year, complete, and uniform database failed to materialize, causing difficulties in devising hazard scenarios because of the unclear attribution of climate change impacts. Other nations can benefit from the lessons in this paper, which will guide the development of more applicable and nation-centered VRA frameworks and methodologies.