ombo-embolic complications rate is low and most of them were clinically silent. However, the hemorrhagic complications rate was substantial and a significant proportion of them were associated with mortality.PURPOSE To assess current clinical practices throughout Europe with respect to acquisition, implementation, evaluation, and interpretation of language functional MRI (fMRI) in epilepsy patients. METHODS An online survey was emailed to all European Society of Neuroradiology members (n = 1662), known associates (n = 6400), and 64 members of European Epilepsy network. The questionnaire featured 40 individual items on demographic data, clinical practice and indications, fMRI paradigms, radiological workflow, data post-processing protocol, and reporting. RESULTS A total of 49 non-duplicate entries from European centers were received from 20 countries. Of these, 73.5% were board-certified neuroradiologists and 69.4% had an in-house epilepsy surgery program. Seventy-one percent of centers performed fewer than five scans per month for epilepsy. The most frequently used paradigms were phonemic verbal fluency (47.7%) and auditory comprehension (55.6%), but variants of 13 paradigms were described. Most centers assessed the fMRI task performance (75.5%), ensured cognitive-task adjustment (77.6%), trained the patient before scanning (85.7%), and assessed handedness (77.6%), but only 28.6% had special paradigms for patients with cognitive impairments. fMRI was post-processed mainly by neuroradiologists (42.1%), using open-source software (55.0%). Reporting was done primarily by neuroradiologists (74.2%). Interpretation was done mainly by visual inspection (65.3%). Most specialists (81.6%) were able to determine the hemisphere dominance for language in more than 75% of exams, attributing failure to the patient not performing the task correctly. CONCLUSION This survey shows that language fMRI is firmly embedded in the preoperative management of epilepsy patients. The wide variety of paradigms and the use of non-CE-marked software underline the need for establishing reference standards.PURPOSE Using the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) for aneurysm treatment has emerged as endovascular approach aiming for flow disruption in aneurysm sac. Since quantifiable data confirming the hemodynamic effect are lacking, we investigated in vivo aneurysmal flow alterations using time-density curve (TDC) analysis. Additionally, we evaluated whether flow parameters could be identified as independent factor to predict aneurysm occlusion. METHODS Forty cerebral aneurysm patients treated with WEB were enrolled. Pre- and postinterventional digital subtraction angiography series were postprocessed and TDCs generated. TDCs were quantified calculating the parameters aneurysmal inflow velocity, outflow velocity, mean flow velocity, and relative time-to-peak (rTTP) of aneurysm filling. Pre- and postinterventional values were compared and related to occlusion rate. RESULTS WEB implanting induced highly significant rTTP prolongation by 52% (p = 0.001) and highly significant decrease of aneurysmal inflow, outflow, and mean flow velocity (p  less then  0.001). While outflow velocity was reduced by 49%, inflow velocity was reduced by 33% only. No statistically significant difference between the occluded and the non-occluded group was observed. No flow parameter reached significance level concerning predicting aneurysm occlusion. CONCLUSION Flow quantification confirms a significant flow-disrupting effect of WEB reducing more the outflow than the inflow velocity. In our small cohort, no flow parameter reached statistical significance to show predictive value regarding complete aneurysm occlusion. The hemodynamic effect of WEB is on comparable level to flow-diverting stents meaning that aneurysm closure can be delayed. In case of only slight inflow changes and high aneurysmal hemodynamic stress, some aneurysms might not be adequately protected in the short term.BACKGROUND Conflicting findings have been reported concerning the survival of patients treated with limb salvage and amputation for osteosarcoma. This study aimed to identify predictors associated with surgery types and survival difference. METHODS Patients with osteosarcoma were selected from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database (1975-2016). Selleckchem LDN-212854 Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted, and a nomogram was further established. Propensity score matching (PSM)-adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank tests, Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were performed to compare overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). RESULTS Among 3363 patients with osteosarcoma, 2447 and 916 underwent limb salvage and amputation. Predictors associated with amputation in the nomogram included age, gender, primary tumor site, tumor grade, tumor stage, tumor size and radiotherapy. Totally 900 pairs of patients treated with limb salvage and amputation were matched after PSM. Limb salvage was significantly associated with improved OS (HR, 0.773; 95% CI, 0.670-0.892; p  less then  0.001) and CSS (HR, 0.795; 95% CI, 0.681-0.927; p = 0.003) in PSM-adjusted cohort after adjusting for related variables. The significant treatment effect of limb salvage was consistent within most subgroups. Among patients treated with surgery for osteosarcoma, age between 41 and 60, age ≥ 61, pelvis as the primary site, high tumor grade (III/IV), regional and distant tumor stage, tumor size ≥ 92 mm and radiotherapy were independent prognostic factors in PSM cohort. CONCLUSIONS Limb salvage exhibits significant benefit on OS and CSS compared with amputation for osteosarcoma. Predicators and survival differences should be given full consideration for the treatment of osteosarcoma.BACKGROUND Frey procedure (FP) has become the standard of treatment for patients with painful chronic pancreatitis and inflammatory head mass. Biliary diversion (BD) is necessary when there is persistent biliary obstruction after adequate head coring. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of types of biliary diversion on short-term outcome and rates of stricture recurrence. METHODS All the patients, who underwent FP combined with BD between August 2007 and July 2017 in the Department of Surgical gastroenterology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India, were retrospectively reviewed. The types of BD performed were choledochojejunostomy (Group A) or opening of the CBD in the resection cavity (Group B). RESULTS During the study period, 36 patients underwent FP with BD. Choledochojejunostomy was performed in 21 patients and opening of the CBD in the resection cavity in 15 patients. Preoperative characteristics and early surgical outcomes were comparable except the postoperative stay which was longer in those who underwent choledochojejunostomy (p = 0.