to ensure reliability and validity of ISNCSCI examinations in clinical routine and research. Albeit being practiced in the instructional courses, the benefit of hands-on training still needs to be systematically evaluated in future studies. Observational study using data from the second community survey of the Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Cohort Study (Survey 2017). To examine information seeking of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Switzerland and its association with personal characteristics, quality of life, satisfaction with health, and healthcare services utilization. Community. Descriptive statistics were used to describe information needs, information sources, and health literacy of the participants. Linear, logistic, and Poisson regression analyses were used to assess the association of information-related variables with personal characteristics, quality of life, satisfaction with health, and healthcare services utilization. One quarter of the 1294 study participants (24.6%) reported having information needs. Most frequently mentioned were needs for medical information about SCI, complications and comorbidities (30.5%), and information on living with SCI (28.6%). The most often used sources of information were healthcareactivities. Information should cover all aspects of living with SCI, be relevant to and understandable for people of all backgrounds, and be made available online and offline. Descriptive study of the second community survey of the Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Cohort Study (Survey 2017) conducted between 03/2017 and 03/2018. To describe the methodology, recruitment results, characteristics of participants and non-participants, and non-response of the Survey 2017. Community. Description of the sampling strategy and sampling frame. Recruitment results and characteristics of participants and non-participants of the two Survey 2017 questionnaire modules were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Azacitidine cost Determinants of survey participation were examined using multivariable logistic regression, and the impact of non-response bias on survey results was evaluated using inverse-probability weighting. Out of 3959 persons who met the eligibility criteria, 1530 responded to module 1 (response rate 38.6%) and 1294 to module 2 (response rate 32.7%) of the Survey 2017. Of the 4493 invited persons, 1549 had participated in the first SwiSCI community survey conducted in 2012/2013. Of these, 1332 were invited to the Survey 2017 and 761 participated in module 1 (response rate 58.9%) and 685 in module 2 (response rate 53.1%). The majority of module 1 participants were male (71.2%, 95% CI 68.9, 73.5), with a median age of 57 (IQR 46.0, 67.0) years and incomplete paraplegia (41.9%, 95% CI 39.3, 44.5). Survey non-response was higher in the oldest age group, among females, and those with tetraplegia. The design of the Survey 2017 was successful in recruiting a substantial proportion of the SCI source population in Switzerland. To counteract survey non-response, survey weights may be applied to subsequent analyses. none.none.The Warburg effect in tumour cells is associated with the upregulation of glycolysis to generate ATP, even under normoxic conditions and the presence of fully functioning mitochondria. However, scientific advances made over the past 15 years have reformed this perspective, demonstrating the importance of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) as well as glycolysis in malignant cells. The metabolic phenotypes in melanoma display heterogeneic dynamism (metabolic plasticity) between glycolysis and OXPHOS, conferring a survival advantage to adapt to harsh conditions and pathways of chemoresistance. Furthermore, the simultaneous upregulation of both OXPHOS and glycolysis (metabolic symbiosis) has been shown to be vital for melanoma progression. The tumour microenvironment (TME) has an essential supporting role in promoting progression, invasion and metastasis of melanoma. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the TME show a symbiotic relationship with melanoma, protecting tumour cells from apoptosis and conferring chemoresistance. With the significant role of OXPHOS in metabolic plasticity and symbiosis, our review outlines how mitochondrial transfer from MSCs to melanoma tumour cells plays a key role in melanoma progression and is the mechanism by which melanoma cells regain OXPHOS capacity even in the presence of mitochondrial mutations. The studies outlined in this review indicate that targeting mitochondrial trafficking is a potential novel therapeutic approach for this highly refractory disease.Clinical workflows in oncology rely on predictive and prognostic molecular biomarkers. However, the growing number of these complex biomarkers tends to increase the cost and time for decision-making in routine daily oncology practice; furthermore, biomarkers often require tumour tissue on top of routine diagnostic material. Nevertheless, routinely available tumour tissue contains an abundance of clinically relevant information that is currently not fully exploited. Advances in deep learning (DL), an artificial intelligence (AI) technology, have enabled the extraction of previously hidden information directly from routine histology images of cancer, providing potentially clinically useful information. Here, we outline emerging concepts of how DL can extract biomarkers directly from histology images and summarise studies of basic and advanced image analysis for cancer histology. Basic image analysis tasks include detection, grading and subtyping of tumour tissue in histology images; they are aimed at automating pathology workflows and consequently do not immediately translate into clinical decisions. Exceeding such basic approaches, DL has also been used for advanced image analysis tasks, which have the potential of directly affecting clinical decision-making processes. These advanced approaches include inference of molecular features, prediction of survival and end-to-end prediction of therapy response. Predictions made by such DL systems could simplify and enrich clinical decision-making, but require rigorous external validation in clinical settings.