This article presents a case of tick infestation of the lower eyelid. A 58-year-old female presented to Ophthalmology OPD at Nepalgunj medical college with a small whitish lesion on medial aspect of the left lower eyelid since 7 days. On a detailed ocular examination, a tick was found to be masquerading as a pustule. This case report emphasizes the relation of tropical diseases in ophthalmology and the subsequent need of understanding the pathophysiological aspect of tropical diseases to avoid further systemic complications.Leishmaniasis is a group of diseases caused by several species of protozoa. It is a major public health concern in its visceral form, accounting annually for 59,000 deaths, and an estimated 12 million infected patients per year. The importance of VL resides not only in its high incidence and wide distribution but also in the possibility of the disease progressing to the severe and lethal forms, especially in children and immunosuppressed individuals, when associated with malnutrition and concomitant infections. This study is a bibliographical review, aiming to understand the sensitivity and specificity parameters of the tests used to detect Leishmaniasis, as well as to understand if there is any relevance in proposing a serological screening for Leishmaniasis in blood banks. In general, we observed that there are currently several types of tests for detecting Leishmaniasis parasitological, serological and molecular. In such tests, many serological methods and kits are available for the detection of asymptomatic visceral leishmaniasis, but there is variability in sensitivity and specificity among the methods. The gold standard for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis is the parasitological method, through the aspiration of bone marrow, with higher sensitivity by splenic puncture. Due to the relevance of the disease and the available data from research centers, there is evidence to propose a transfusion serological screening for visceral Leishmaniasis, pointing to the need for further studies.Malaria is still a global health concern with more than 400,000 death annually. Personal protection using mosquitoes' repellent is an effective prevention strategy, especially in endemic areas. The toxic effects of synthetics repellents and their adverse effects on fabricated goods have made the development of green repellent critical. In this study, ingredients of Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZMEO) were identified using GC-MS analysis. Solid-lipid nanoparticles containing ZMEO (1%) were prepared (SLN-ZMEO) using the high-pressure homogenizer method. The repellent activity of ZMEO and SLN-ZMEO was investigated using Klun and Debboun method and compared together. Besides, their cytotoxicity on a human skin normal cell line (HFFF2) was evaluated. Five major components of ZMEO were carvacrol (27.05%), thymol (26.452%), γ-terpinene (15.144%), o-cymene (13.584%), and α-pinene (9.483%). The SLN-ZMEO showed a spherical shape with a particle size of 134 ± 7 nm. Moreover, their polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential and entrapment efficiency were determined as 0.24 ± 0.1, - 9.82 ± 0.95 mV and 64.6 ± 3.8%, respectively. Interestingly, the protection time of nanoformulation (93 ± 5 min) was three times longer than that of the non-formulated essential oil (29 ± 2 min). Interestingly, both samples did not show cytotoxicity on HFFF2. Therefore, the prepared nanoformulation can be used as a green and potent repellent.Our objective was to study the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among humans and their contact livestock animals in a rural community in Gharbia governorate, Egypt. The collected human and livestock animal fecal samples were examined by formol ether sedimentation technique and modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain. Human samples were further examined by the Kato-Katz technique. Selleckchem 17-OH PREG The total prevalence of intestinal parasites in humans was 52.3%; 7.3% helminths and 45% protozoa. Regarding animals, 29% of livestock animals had protozoan parasites and no helminths were detected. Results revealed that risk factors including drinking tap water and attendance of nurseries, affected the rate of parasitic infection among humans. The infection rate of protozoa was significantly higher among humans (1.5 times) as compared to animals.Chagas disease is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted mainly by triatomines and from mothers to children. In Colombia, this disease is a public health problem and due to its high endemicity and vertical transmission, women are susceptible populations that must be evaluated. Our objective was to determinate the Trypanosoma cruzi seroprevalence and factors associated with women in Pore (Municipality), Casanare, Colombia. Cross-sectional study. A sample of 230 healthy volunteer women, 15 years or older, without previous diagnosis of Chagas disease was taken; the serological analysis was done using the Chagas ELISA IgG and IgM and indirect Hemagglutination (HAI) technique. In addition, a survey was applied to each participant in order to explore the presence of factors that could be associated with a positive test result. The seropostitivity found in Pore Casanare's women was 16.9% (39/230, 95% CI 12.1-21.7), additionally it was found that rural origin, the coexistence with animals, especially chickens, age, low level schooling and housing material are factors associated with T. cruzi infection in this population. The results of this study indicate the importance of conducting extensive seroepidemiological studies in populations of endemic areas, due to the difficulty in detecting cases in the acute phase; therefore, screening allows the establishment of a follow-up and treatment time line that contributes to the interruption of the transmission vertical.The present study reports the occurrence of parasitic copepods and isopods infecting marine teleost fishes from the Kerala coast, India. A total of 1795 fishes belonging to 38 species were collected from the fish landing centres across the Kerala Coast for 5 months. The isopod & copepod infection status of these fishes were assessed. The incidents of site-specific infection were documented for all parasites and a fecundity analysis was conducted in randomly selected species. The single or multiple parasitic crustacean infestation and host preference (single or multiple hosts) were also documented. A total of 32 species of copepods and 6 species of isopod were sourced out. However, the maximum prevalence was recorded for the family Lernanthropidae (71.43%) and the maximum intensity (14) was recorded for a Caligid copepod Euryphorus nordmannii. The predominantly targeted region of infection on the host fish appeared to be gill filament (52.15%). The fecundity showed significant differences between the tested species.