Climate mediated warming water temperature, drought and extreme flooding are projected to shift the phenology of nutrients in receiving lakes and reservoirs further intensifying eutrophication and algal blooms, especially in temperate reservoirs. An emerging issue in reservoir management is the prediction of climate change impacts, a necessity for sound decision making and sustainable management. Lake Diefenbaker is a large multipurpose reservoir in the Canadian Prairies. In this study, the impact of climate change on nutrient speciation in Lake Diefenbaker is examined using loosely linked SpAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) and CE-QUAL-W2 models. Two climate mediated scenarios, RCP 8.5 representing the most extreme climate change, and climate induced streamflow were modelled. Nutrient levels are anticipated to double under the climate change and streamflow scenarios. Winter and spring were identified as hot moments for nitrogen pollution with a plausible saturation of nitrous oxides in the future. Of concern is a plausible recycling of nitrate through dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium. Summer and fall on the other hand represent the period for phosphorus enrichment and internal loading with a probable succession of cyanobacteria in the summer. This study aims to systematically review the role of differentially expressed microRNA (miRNA) in saliva as potential biomarkers in oral cancer patients. PubMed, Scopus and EBSCO online data bases were used as well as manual searching to extract studies from January 2008 up to October 2020. A total of 14 studies that met the eligibility criteria were included. All selected studies were of case-control type. A total of 25 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. Thirteen of these miRNAs (Let-7a, miR 27, miR 34, miR 92, miR 124, miR 125a, miR 136, miR139 miR 145, miR 146a, miR 200a, miR 205 and miR 375) were downregulated and other twelve (miR 9, miR 21, miR 31, miR 122, miR 134, miR 184, miR 191, miR 196a, miR 196b, miR 412, miR 512 and miR 8392) were upregulated. Four miRNAs were evaluated in more than one study (miR21, miR31, miR125 and miR 200). According to these results, salivary miRNA can aid in diagnosis and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, controlled clinical trials with a large sample size are required to validate the differentially expressed miRNAs of the present review.According to these results, salivary miRNA can aid in diagnosis and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, controlled clinical trials with a large sample size are required to validate the differentially expressed miRNAs of the present review.Propolis is a natural product produced from the interaction between bees and plants. Brazilian red propolis results from Apis mellifera collection of resins from two plant species, being Dalbergia ecastaphyllum(L.) Taub, Fabaceae, the primary botanical source, containing isoflavonoids and other characteristic phenolic compounds. Several biological activities of Brazilian red propolis and their isolated compounds have been described in the literature. However, to our knowledge, there are no validated analytical methods for the analysis and standardization of products derived from this type of propolis reported in the literature. We developed a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analytical method for the detection and quantification of nine red propolis chemical markers liquiritigenin, calycosin, isoliquiritigenin,formononetin, vestitol, neovestitol, medicarpin, biochanin A, and 7-O-methylvestitol, present in Brazilian red propolis extracts and D. ecastaphyllum. The developed method was also applied to the analyses of D. ecastaphyllum samples and seasonal analysis of Brazilian red propolis. Good detection response, linearity, precision, and robustness were obtained by the method, being reliable for the quality control of Brazilian red propolis extracts, raw propolis, plant material, and their derived products. The red propolis chemical markers were present in D. ecastaphyllum stems at lower concentrations. The seasonal analysis of Brazilian red propolis extract showed higher phenolic compound concentration on periods of the rainy season with higher humidity and lower solar radiation.Cortisol is a steroid hormone that is frequently measured as a marker of stress, inflammation, and immune function. While commonly analyzed in saliva, hair, blood plasma and urine, a recent trend towards whole blood-based at-home collection devices has emerged, which necessitates development of more sensitive assays for cortisol in whole blood. To support the implementation of a patient-centric sampling approach in a drug development program, a fit-for-purpose surrogate analyte-based liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for cortisol in whole blood was developed using 13C3-cortisol as a surrogate analyte and cortisol-d6 as the internal standard. The surrogate analyte approach was chosen due to a lack of available cortisol-free whole blood and the absence of appropriately representative surrogate matrices. Samples were prepared using supported liquid extraction, and the LC-MS/MS analysis consisted of a 4.00 min analytical run. The method demonstrated linearity between 0.500 and 500 ngsample collection, and may be readily used in clinical and diagnostic settings.Inflammation and apoptosis in the hoof lamellar interface both contribute to the early stages of sepsis-associated laminitis, but it is not clear whether apoptosis is occurring before the onset of inflammation or is being provoked by inflammation. Apoptosis and inflammation were therefore measured in lamellar tissues obtained at different time points throughout the early stages of experimentally induced laminitis. Apoptotic cells and leukocyte were enumerated in archived paraffin embedded lamellar tissue samples from previous experiments in which acute laminitis was induced using Black Walnut Extract (BWE) or starch (CHO). Necrosulfonamide molecular weight BWE-derived samples from 20 horses were allocated into four groups Control (CON = 5); Early Time Point (ETP, 1.5 h after induction, n = 5); Developmental Time Point (DTP, 3-4 h after induction, n = 5); Obel Grade 1 (OG1, Onset of Lameness, n = 5). CHO-derived samples from 25 horses were allocated into four groups CON (n = 8); DTP (10-12 h after induction, n = 6); OG 1 (n = 6); Obel 3 (OG3, lameness progression, n = 5).