Different tumors were treated, including colorectal adenocarcinoma (10 cases, 38.4 %), Soft Tissue Sarcomas (STS, 11 cases, 42.3 %), head and neck cancers (3 cases, 11.5 %), one cervix malignancy case and one paravertebral fibromatosis case. Mean ± SD overall survival was 15±14.89 (0-38) and 34.3±15.72 (14-53) months for colorectal cancer and STS, respectively. Conclusion IORT is mostly useful for pelvic and abdominal malignancies where normal bowel limits the dose that can be delivered with EBRT. However, the dose delivered in a single fraction with IORT is rarely sufficient for tumor control; therefore, IORT is usually preceded or followed by additional EBRT which should be further evaluated preferably in prospective randomized trials.Background Foodborne diseases are caused by indigestion of contaminated food. In some cases they may result in either hospitalization or death. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention in 2017 stated that 10% reduction in foodborne illness would prevent nearly five million illnesses every year. Approximately one out of six Americans become ill from contaminated foods or beverages every year. Another problem is drug resistance which is responsible for approximately 2 million illnesses and around 23000 dead every year. Nearly 400,000 Americans acquire antibiotic-resistant Salmonella or Campylobacter each year. Selleckchem Tat-beclin 1 The aim of this study was to evaluate the outbreak of salmonellosis and shigellosis along with their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in different provinces of Iran. Methods Over a period of 2 years from 2015 to 2016, a total of 1055 cases in 249 outbreaks reported in 20 provinces of Iran, as a part of surveillance by the National Institute of Health (NIH). The stool samples of patients were taken and tested for Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. by conventional standard techniques. Disk diffusion was used for the antibiotic sensitivity test. Results Of 1055 cases, 118 (11.2%) contained Shigella and 74 (7%) contained Salmonella. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that entirely 100% of Salmonella and Shigella isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin; whereas 12.2% of Salmonella and 98.2% of Shigella were resistant to cotrimoxazole. Conclusion Our results show that there is a need for more food handling practices to minimize the exposure of consumers to Salmonella and Shigella , at all points along the distribution chain.Background Development of tools for measuring stress has been considered by mental health researchers for many years. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a "Stressful Events Inventory"(SEI) using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Methods Using a representative sample (n=6000) from all people who reside in Tehran, the validity of the inventory was confirmed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and its reliability was also confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. Results Eleven major sets of stressful events were identified as follow political problems (α=0.731), neighborhood's problems (α=0.739), livelihood problems (α=0.609), fear of the future (α=0.663), educational events (α=0.635), educational changes (α=0.704), individual changes (α=0.463), occupational difficulties (α=0.64), housing problems (α=0.69), problems related to occupational relations (α=0.46), and family problems (α=0.69). The value of correlation between the factors was equal to 0.82 and the value of variance determined by these factors was 0.49 (r^2=0.49). In the confirmatory factor analysis, these factors also had an appropriate fitness (RMSEA=0.02). Conclusion The developed instrument has suitable psychometric properties, which make it appropriate for future research on psychosocial stress.Background Thiamine deficiency contributes to hyperglycemia and diabetes complications. Thus, in this study, the effect of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) on the in vivo and in vitro formation of glycation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers (the main contributors of vascular diabetes complications) was examined in type 2 diabetes rat model. Methods Type 2 diabetes was induced in rats with a combination of streptozotocin and nicotinamide (55+200 mg/kg). Two groups of rats, healthy and diabetic, were treated with 0.1% TPP in drinking water daily for 3 months and the 2 others received water only. The glucose, insulin, early to end glycation products, the activity of glyoxalase system, lipid profile, LDL oxidation markers, inflammatory markers, creatinine in the serum, and proteinuria in the urine of all rats were determined. Moreover, albumin and LDL were incubated with glucose in the presence and absence of TPP, and the samples were investigated for glycation and oxidation products. Different variables in all 4 groups were compared with multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA-Tukey) test using SPSS version 16. Significance level was set at p less then 0.05. Results TPP decreased the formation of diverse glycation and oxidation products in both in vivo (glycated LDL= 144.50±3.48 and oxidized LDL= 54.08±2.67 μmol/l) and in vitro (glycated LDL= 107.00±2.82 and oxidized LDL= 50.83±1.22 μmol/l). In addition, the vitamin reduced fasting blood sugar (9.23±0.29), insulin resistance (9.10±0.50), tumor necrosis factor-α (285.43±15.97), interleukin-6 (257.65±13.06), and improved the lipid profile, the activity of Glo system (Glo-I= 31.65±1.06 and Glo-II= 27.01±0.90 U/mL) and renal function in the diabetic rat (p less then 0.001). Conclusion TPP decreased the major risk factors for diabetic complications and corrected the alternations of glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats; thus, it is recommended for diabetes treatment.Background Metabolically healthy obese (MHO) individuals appear to be protected or more resistant to the progression of obesity-related metabolic disorders. Hormonal regulation associated with adipose or muscular tissues such as irisin and leptin may facilitate the healthy metabolic profile of MHO cases. In this case-control study, the differences between serum level of irisin was investigated in metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) and metabolically healthy obese (MHO) individuals. Methods The study participants included obese individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) (n=51) and 2 control groups that included weight matched cases without MetS (n=51) and normal weight cases without MetS (n=51). Diagnosis of MetS was made based on the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII) criteria. Serum levels of leptin and irisin were determined by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve, multiple linear regression, and one-way ANOVA analysis were used in SPSS 16 software. Significant level was set at 0.