The challenges and prospects of PDT in clinical applications are also discussed.Expert opinions The requirement for PDT to eradicate cancers has increased exponentially in recent years. The major clinically used photosensitizers are hydrophobic. The main obstacles in effective delivery of PSs are associated with this intrinsic nature. The design of nano-delivery systems to load PSs is pivotal for PSs' widespread use. The aim of this study is to examine the mediating role of coping with stress and psychological resilience in the relationship between happiness and perceived stress of COVID-19 fear in Turkish adults. 827 individuals (516 females, 311 males) above 18 years of age and living in Turkey participated in this research. The data of the research was collected through the COVID-19 Fear Scale, Depression-Happiness Scale Short Form, Perceived Stress Scale and Psychological Resilience Scale Short Form. The results show that fear of COVID-19 negatively predicts happiness and positively predicts perceived stress. According to the results, psychological resilience and coping with perceived stress mediate the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and happiness and stress. Moreover, psychological resilience and coping with perceived stress mitigate the impact of COVID-19 fear on happiness and stress. The findings provide evidence as to how to reduce the negative impact of COVID-19 on mental health. In addition, the results provide information to improve mental health during the pandemic period.KEY POINTSPsychological resilience reduces the effect of COVID-19 on stress and increases happiness levels.Coping with stress reduces the impact of COVID-19 on stress and increases happiness levels.The findings provide evidence as to how to reduce the negative impact of COVID-19 on mental health. In addition, the results provide information to improve mental health during the pandemic period.KEY POINTSPsychological resilience reduces the effect of COVID-19 on stress and increases happiness levels.Coping with stress reduces the impact of COVID-19 on stress and increases happiness levels.Bruises is one of the most common side effects of injectable cosmetic procedures, which leads to stress to clients and health care providers. Conventional treatments such as vitamin K preparation, cold compresses, and Arnica cream have been used to treat bruises, yet these treatments do not provide instant results. The purpose of this report is to present a case in which different wavelengths of Q-switch nanosecond laser was used to treat cosmetic injection-related bruises.Four different laser wavelengths were used to treat injection-related bruises. Pictures were taken before and after the treatment and analyzed using the RGB color histogram and the Image color analyzer from http//mkweb.bcgsc.ca/. Pictures showed a close to complete resolution of the bruises and discoloration. The results of this report suggest that using multiple selective wavelengths, in shorter pulse width but higher fluence would be more effective in resolving bruise-related discoloration compared to using one wavelength with longer pulse width.Introduction Enteroviruses are common viruses causing a huge number of acute and chronic infections and producing towering economic costs. Similarly, coronaviruses cause seasonal mild infections, epidemics, and even pandemics and can lead to severe respiratory symptoms. It is important to develop broadly acting antiviral molecules to efficiently tackle the infections caused by thes.Areas covered This review illuminates the differences and similarities between enteroviruses and coronaviruses and examines the most appealing therapeutic targets to combat both virus groups. Publications of both virus groups and deposited structures discovered through PubMed to March 2021 for viral proteases have been evaluated.Expert opinion The main protease of coronaviruses and enteroviruses share similarities in their structure and function. These proteases process their viral polyproteins and thus drugs that bind to the active site have potential to target both virus groups. It is important to develop drugs that target more evolutionarily conserved processes and proteins. Moreover, it is a wise strategy to concentrate on processes that are similar between several virus families.Introduction Up to 30% of all human cancers are driven by the overactivation of RAS signaling. Son of Sevenless 1 (SOS1) is a central node in RAS signaling pathways and modulation of SOS1-mediated RAS activation represents a unique opportunity for treating RAS-addicted cancers. Several recent publications and patent documents have demonstrated the ability of small molecules to affect the activation of RAS by SOS1 and have shown their potential for the treatment of cancers driven by RAS mutants.Areas covered Documents focusing on both small-molecule inhibitors and activators of the SOS1RAS interaction and their potential use as cancer therapeutics are covered. A total of 10 documents from 4 applicants are evaluated with discussion focusing on structural modifications of these compounds as well as relevant preclinical data.Expert opinion The last decade has seen a significant increase in research and disclosures in the development of small-molecule SOS1 inhibitors. Considering the promising data that have been disclosed, interest in this area of research will likely remain strong for the foreseeable future. With the first SOS1 inhibitor currently in phase I clinical trials, the outcome of these trials will likely influence future development of SOS1 inhibitors for treatment of RAS-driven cancers.Purpose Although the cognitive sequelae of multiple sclerosis have been recognized for more than four decades, the focus of research has been on studying the more common deficits of the disease, including those involving memory and information processing speed. learn more Less understood and investigated are the visual-spatial perceptual disturbances of multiple sclerosis, which can be difficult to assess and interpret given the potential confounds associated with the physical problems and other cognitive disturbances of the disorder.Materials and methods This study examined the visual-spatial perceptual deficits of multiple sclerosis in 40 participants diagnosed with this condition using two measures generally unaffected by the aforementioned confounds, the Hooper Visual Organization Test and Visual Form Discrimination.Results Results revealed both measures to be sensitive to the impairments of multiple sclerosis but suggested that they are assessing somewhat different aspects of visual-spatial perception in this population, given their relationship with one another and with disease-related variables.