It will also be a guide for identifying pathological consequences in vestibular diseases.The present study performed in a healthy population will be helpful in terms of making comparisons in studies to be conducted in various vestibular diseases. It will also be a guide for identifying pathological consequences in vestibular diseases. Mother's milk is the best, and ideal method for infant feeding. We found that this practice was not being followed in our hospital. A survey was conducted in the unit with regards to breastfeeding practices which revealed that most babies who were discharged from our nursery were on formula supplements. Our goal was to improve established breastfeeding rates in the unit by increasing the number of full-term healthy babies who were discharged on exclusive Breastfeeding. A project team was formed, and data were collected through direct observations and direct interviews with postnatal mothers. Exclusive Breastfeeding at discharge was defined as a baby being fully on breastfeed with no additional formula supplements for at least 12 hours prior to discharge. Plicamycin mouse The primary outcome was to increase the percentage of babies being discharged on exclusive Breastfeeding. We used the FOCUS PDCA model to measure improvements and 8 PDCA cycles of 4 weeks duration were implemented to test the changes. The interventions we put in place led to a considerable nine times overall improvement in the established breastfeeding rates. Among all the interventions, the most promising results were observed during the PDCA cycles involving staff education, the introduction of antenatal classes for mothers, skin to skin contact and rooming in. Breastfeeding rates in the private sector with nursery services can be improved by reinforcing breastfeeding education for mothers in addition to training the maternal care staff, empowering them to promote and assist in breastfeeding.Breastfeeding rates in the private sector with nursery services can be improved by reinforcing breastfeeding education for mothers in addition to training the maternal care staff, empowering them to promote and assist in breastfeeding. Postnatal exposure to red blood cell transfusion (RBCT) in premature infants is an important risk factor for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) progression. We hypothesized that higher number and earlier timing of RBCT are associated with worse ROP severity and result in laser treatment at an earlier postmenstrual age (PMA) in very low birth weight (≤1500 g, VLBW) infants. A retrospective medical record review of 631 VLBW infants over a 5-year period was performed. Demographic features and potential clinical risk factors including number of RBCT, ROP severity, and progression to laser treatment were collected to evaluate predictors of severe ROP. ANCOVA, pairwise post-hoc analyses, and multivariate regression were used to determine associations between frequency and timing of RBCT and ROP severity. Of the 456 eligible infants, 61 developed severe ROP (13%). There was significant correlation between number of RBCTs and ROP severity, adjusted for gestational age and birthweight (Adjusted R2 = 0.53; p <  0.001). Compared to infants with No/Mild and Type 2 ROP, infants with Type 1 ROP received more RBCTs, with higher number of RBCTs per week during the first month of life (mean RBCT in ROP No/Mild 5.7±0.4 vs Type 2 16.3±1.8 vs Type 1 22.4±1.5, p = 0.042). Laser-treated infants received a higher number of RBCTs than non-treated infants (mean RBCT 22.3 vs. 6.5, p <  0.001) but no correlation was observed between number of RBCTs and PMA at time of laser treatment. Higher number of RBCTs in early postnatal life of VLBW infants was associated with more severe ROP.Higher number of RBCTs in early postnatal life of VLBW infants was associated with more severe ROP. Wide variation in the care practices and survival rates of neonates born at peri-viable gestational ages of 22+0 -24+6 weeks exists. This study elucidates the postnatal risk factors for morbidity/mortality, contrasts the care practices and short-term outcomes of this vulnerable group of preterm neonates from a single center with others. Retrospective study of neonates born at 22+0 -24+6 weeks in a level 3 neonatal intensive care unit in UK, over a period of 4 years (2016-2019). 94 neonates given active care studied. Survival until discharge was 51.1%(22-23 wks -44%, 24 wks -59.1%) and survival with no major brain injury (MBI) [grade III/IV IVH, cystic periventricular leukomalacia] was 38.3%(22-23 wks -32%, 24 wks -45.4%). Of those who survived until discharge, 75%had no MBI (22-23 wks -72.7%, 24 wks -76.9%). Neonates requiring significant respiratory support within first 72 hours as well as needing rescue high frequency ventilation had significantly high risk of mortality or MBI [aOR -7.17 (2.24-25.79), p = 0.00; 4.76 (1.43-20.00), p = 0.01]. Survival rate differed from other centres. MBI was low amongst survivors. Severe respiratory disease in the initial days was associated with a higher risk of death or MBI.Survival rate differed from other centres. MBI was low amongst survivors. Severe respiratory disease in the initial days was associated with a higher risk of death or MBI. To determine the predictors of mortality following early rescue surfactant therapy in preterm babies with respiratory distress syndrome. Prospective cohort study enrolling babies between 28 weeks to 34 weeks with respiratory distress syndrome requiring early rescue surfactant therapy. For statistical analysis babies were further divided into two subgroups survivors and non-survivors. Maternal and neonatal variables were compared between the two groups to find out the predictors of mortality. Out of total 110 babies, 72 (65.45%) survived. The mean birth weight and mean gestational age of the study population was 1614.36 (±487.86) g and 31.40 (±2.0)1 weeks, respectively. Birth weight <  1500 g, gestational age <  32 weeks, primiparity, vaginal delivery, prolonged rupture of membranes, lack of antenatal steroid cover, bag and mask ventilation at birth, sepsis, apneic episodes and mechanical ventilation were significantly associated with death on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, very low birth weight, vaginal delivery, lack of antenatal steroid cover, bag and mask ventilation at birth and mechanical ventilation were found to be independent predictors of mortality.