Aortic stenosis (AS) is a progressive and degenerative disease that necessitates valve replacement through either surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Various studies have shown that, unlike for TAVR, SAVR is associated with an elevated risk for women as compared to men. The aim of this review is to better understand the risks and their possible causes, associated with the use of both TAVR and SAVR in female patients. Our systematic review included studies published between 2012 and 2020, identified through specific searches of PubMed. Compatibility of publications, determined by the use of pre-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria, resulted in 15 articles being used in our review. Overall, more men than women undergo SAVR, but our findings confirmed that SAVR is associated with worse outcomes in women in the short-term. Reasons for a higher 30-day mortality post-SAVR in women include an increased age, higher in-hospital mortality and, possibly baseline comorbidities and anatomical differences. find more There was no difference observed in 30-day mortality between men and women undergoing TAVR. Female patients appear to have a better longer-term survival post-TAVR than their male counterparts. Understanding the reasons why women have worse outcomes post-SAVR is essential for ensuring appropriate treatment selection for patients with AS, as well as for achieving the best possible long-term and safety outcomes for these patients. Adequate respiratory support can improve clinical outcomes in patients who are ready for weaning from a ventilator. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of respiratory methods in adults undergoing planned extubation using a Bayesian network meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov for unpublished and ongoing trials up to November 2019 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English that compared conventional oxygen therapy (COT), a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for post-extubation respiratory support. Screening of citations, study selection, data extraction, and assessment of risk were performed independently by two authors. The primary outcome was the reintubation rate. Twenty-two studies (4,218 patients) were included in our meta-analysis. Extubated patients supported with NIV had a significantly lower incidence of reintubation than those supported with COT [odds ratio (OR) 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42, 0.89]. Howevertion compared with COT and HFNC. Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic drug for treating various cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but resistance to cisplatin remains the main limitation to its use in clinic. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), which is derived from , has been proven to participate in various anti-cancer activities including anti-cancer, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory functions. In this study, we explored the role of AS-IV in cisplatin chemoresistance to NSCLC cells by establishing cisplatin-resistant the NSCLC cell lines, A549 and H1299 . Cisplatin inhibited viability and promoted apoptosis of A549 and H1299 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, cisplatin upregulated the levels of autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1, LC3 II/I) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins (glucose regulated protein 78 GRP78, protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase PERK), indicating that cisplatin caused autophagy and ER stress in NSCLC cells. However, treatment combined with AS-IV dose-dependently suppressed cell viability and increased the cell apoptosis rate in A549 and H1299 cells, suggesting that AS-IV elevated the anti-tumor role of cisplatin in NSCLC cells. AS-IV treatment suppressed the expression of GRP78 and Beclin1. Inhibition of ER stress or autophagy both counteracted the inhibitory effect of AS-IV on chemoresistance to cisplatin in NSCLC cells. AS-IV sensitized NSCLC cells to cisplatin through suppressing ER stress and autophagy. This study provides a novel strategy of cisplatin combined with AS-IV for the treatment of cisplatin-resistant NSCLC patients.AS-IV sensitized NSCLC cells to cisplatin through suppressing ER stress and autophagy. This study provides a novel strategy of cisplatin combined with AS-IV for the treatment of cisplatin-resistant NSCLC patients. To evaluate therapeutic efficacy of minimally invasive and small incision surgery [minimally invasive surgery (MIS)] in patients with non-flail chest rib fractures through a prospective cohort study. This study included 98 patients with non-flail chest rib fractures (≥3 displaced fractures) and 66 patients undergoing MIS served as the experimental group and 32 patients receiving conservative treatment served as the matched control group. Pain index and indicators of pulmonary function [vital capacity (VC); forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1); peak expiratory flow (PEF)] for the two groups were assessed and compared at the time of admission and before discharge. In addition, duration of pain, time required for the patient to regain the ability to perform daily self-care, mental labor, and moderate-to-severe physical labor, and duration of chest discomfort were measured during long-term follow-up and compared between the two groups. There were also no significant differences (P>0.05) in pain ain and rapidly restored pulmonary function and improved the long-term quality of life of patients with non-flail chest rib fractures of ≥3 ribs with displacement. To investigate puncture skills and complications prevention in ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle biopsy for peripheral lung lesions. Ninety-two peripheral lung lesions in 92 patients, detected via computed tomography (CT) and also visible on ultrasound, were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent percutaneous peripheral lung lesion needle biopsy under traditional ultrasound or contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) guidance paying attention to avoiding necrotic areas and large blood vessels. All the specimens were examined histopathologically. Preprocedure all 92 lesions were performed by traditional ultrasonography to evaluate the size, the echogenecity, liquefaction areas and blood flow on color Doppler imaging, some of which were performed by CEUS for evaluating non-enhanced necrosis areas, contrast agent arrival time (AT) and characteristics of blood perfusion. The histopathologic results of all 92 lesions were as follows 67 malignant tumors (including 28 adenocarcinomas, 19 squamous cell carcinomas, 6 bronchoalveolar carcinomas, 5 small cell carcinomas, 5 metastatic cancers, 3 poorly differentiated cancers and 1 malignant mesothelioma), 20 benign lesions (including 9 pneumonia, 6 inflammatory pseudotumors and 5 tuberculomas), 5 undetermined lesions.