Circular intensity differential scattering (CIDS) is based on the analysis of circular polarized light scattering and has been proven to be an interesting label-free microscopy technique sensitive to the chiral organization at the submicroscopic level. However, this approach averages the localized contrasts related to the sample polarimetric properties in the illumination volume. Additionally, the detection sensitivity suffers from the confinement of the mixture of structures, and it becomes an arduous task to discriminate the source of the signal. In this work, we show that a phasor map approach combined with CIDS microscopy has provided an intuitive view of the sample organization to recognize the presence of different molecular species in the illumination volume. The data represented in terms of polarization response mapped to a single point called a phasor also have the potential to pave the way for the analysis of large data sets. We validated this method by numerical simulations and compared the results with that of experimental data of optical devices of reference.A simultaneous phase-shifting interferometer with a monitored spatial light modulator (SLM) flexible reference mirror is proposed to balance the flexibility and accuracy of aspheric-surface in-process measurements. In this method, polarization simultaneous phase-shifting camera systems are applied to reduce the influence of environmental vibrations on the in-process measurements. An SLM reference mirror is employed to improve the flexibility of in-process measurements. A device is integrated to monitor the SLM surface in order to improve measurement accuracy caused by the spatial phase nonuniformity and modulation instability of the SLM. Thus, the SLM surface is monitored and the aspheric surface is measured simultaneously in only one interferometer, which presents the advantages of a compact structure and simple calibration. A flat acrylic mirror with an unknown surface figure error is measured by the proposed interferometer. Cross tests demonstrate the feasibility of this interferometer.A novel radial runout measurement method for gear motors using a microsensor based on all-fiber Fabry-Perot interferometry is investigated. In order to achieve the fault diagnosis, in this method, a single-mode fiber is put forward as a sensor to measure radial runout of the rotating shaft. The performance of the proposed sensor has been compared to a Portable Digital Vibrometer-100 laser vibrometer for validation purposes, and the results show that the difference between them is approximately ±0.55µm.To achieve non-uniform imaging with a large field of view and high efficiency as well as to obtain an adjustable fovea with super-resolution, we proposed a curved retina-like camera array imaging system (CRCS), which is built by an eight-camera array distributed non-uniformly on a curved surface and a camera coaxial with Risley prisms located in the center. By the non-uniform imaging, the field of view of the developed prototype is 150∘×40∘ with a reduction of data redundancy by 87.62%. Besides, the experimental results show that CRCS can obtain clear and sharp images of farther targets of interest around the fovea field of view with a constant focal length.Shearography has been widely accepted as a non-destructive evaluation tool in engineering. However, the field of view is usually limited due to the use of the Michelson optical arrangement if the working distance is strictly constrained. selleck kinase inhibitor In order to improve efficiency, we propose a dual-lens system to expand the view angle of the Michelson optical arrangement. Two imaging lenses, which are entitled as the objective lens and camera lens, are placed in front of and behind the Michelson interferometer, respectively. The optical arrangement has been set up and compared with the well-known 4f optical system. It is found that the proposed optical arrangement is simple to construct, and the brightness distribution is uniform over the whole image. The new setup has been applied to the inspection of a cylindrical steel shell with a rubber plate bonding on its inside surface. The debonding defects have been evaluated using the proposed shearography system at a working distance of 200 mm. By selecting an objective lens with a focal length of 2.8 mm, the viewing angle was enlarged in inspecting a field with 500 mm by 500 mm at one shot.A refractive index (RI) and temperature or a temperature and axial strain sensor based on an inline Mach-Zehnder interferometer with thin core fiber (TCF)-thin fiber (TF)-TCF structure is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, requiring only the cleaving and fusion splicing methods. The operation principle depends on the effect that the TF cladding modes interfere with the core mode as an optical coupler. The RI, temperature, or axial strain variations can lead to resonance dip variations in the interferometer spectra, and the RI, temperature, or axial strain sensitivity can be measured by monitoring the wavelength shifts of resonance dips. Then we can measure both RI and temperature, or temperature and axial strain through the demodulation matrix. Four sensors with different TF lengths are fabricated based on numerical simulation. A 15 mm long TF sensor displays an RI sensitivity as high as -174.357nm/RIU, temperature sensitivities in the glycerin solution and the air of 12.47 and 26.19 pm/°C, and axial strain sensitivity of -3.43×10-4nm/µε. Moreover, due to its simple manufacture, high cost-effectiveness and compactness, the proposed sensor has a broad application prospect in physical, chemical, and biological sensing.How to reduce the bandwidth and insertion loss (IL) of a planar filter at high frequency is challenging work. We investigate the design, simulation, fabrication, and measurement of a terahertz (THz) planar filter with easy integration, low IL, and narrow passband. The direct feeding microstrip filter (DFMF) has a center frequency (f0) of 140 GHz, IL of 2 dB, and 3 dB fractional bandwidth (FBW3dB) of 6%, while traditional coupled feeding microstrip filter with the same configurations has FBW3dB of 20%. The proposed DFMF filter employs direct feeding mode to narrow bandwidth and miniaturized size. The DFMF does not need small coupling gaps in the feeding structures, showing good dimensional insensitivity. Benzocyclobutene is introduced as an interlayer dielectric to reduce IL owing to its controllable ultrathin thickness and low-loss tangent. The introduced planar microelectromechanical system technology is suitable for large-scale fabrication at a low cost. The test results based on through-reflect-line de-embedding technology agree well with the simulation results.