Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) are widely regarded as a crucial technological option for industrial large-scale carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reduction. However, high-cost and uncertainties hinder the widespread application of CCUS technology. In this study, an interval-chance-constrained programming-based optimization model was proposed to address random probability distributions, interval values, complex interactions, and the dynamics of capacity expansion issues. The model was applied to a CCUS project in China. A set of violation probability levels (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2) were designed to reflect system costs and risk levels. And then the solutions for system costs, capacity expansion, and operating schemes under four violation probability levels (pi') could be generated. The results revealed that the model could ensure the highest reliability and largest CO2 storage under pi' = 0.01. At this probability level, the amount of CO2 storage would range from 4972.05-5429.75 kilotons per anltiple uncertainties.The canopy layer urban heat island (CLUHI) and surface urban heat island (SUHI) refer to higher canopy layer and land surface temperatures in urban areas than in rural areas, respectively. The long-term trends of CLUHIs are poorly understood at the regional scale. In this study, 1 km resolution air temperature (Ta) data for the 2001-2018 period in the mainland of China were mapped using satellite data and station-based Ta data. Subsequently, the temporal trends of the CLUHI and SUHI intensities (CLUHII and SUHII, respectively) were investigated in 272 cities in the mainland of China. The Ta was estimated with high accuracy, with a root mean square error ranging from 0.370 °C to 0.592 °C. The CLUHII and SUHII increased significantly in over half of the cities in spring and summer, over one-third of the cities in autumn, and over one-fifth of the cities in winter. The trends of the nighttime SUHII were strongly related to the CLUHII calculated using mean and minimum Ta (correlation coefficients ranging from 0.613 to 0.770), whereas the relationships between the trends of the daytime SUHII and CLUHII were relatively weak. Human activities were the major driving forces for the increase in the CLUHII and SUHII. The difference in impervious surfaces between urban and rural areas was significantly correlated with the CLUHII and SUHII in approximately half of the cities. Meteorological factors were significantly correlated with the CLUHII and SUHII in few cities. This study highlights the trends of the significant increase in the CLUHII and SUHII in the mainland of China, which may have negative effects on humans and the environment.Soil organic matter (SOM) is related to vegetation, soil bacteria, and soil properties; however, not many studies link all these parameters simultaneously, particularly in tundra ecosystems vulnerable to climate change. selleck chemical Our aim was to describe the relationships between vegetation, bacteria, soil properties, and SOM composition in moist acidic tundra by integrating physical, chemical, and molecular methods. A total of 70 soil samples were collected at two different depths from 36 spots systematically arranged over an area of about 300 m × 50 m. Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene were used to identify the molecular compositions of the SOM and bacterial community, respectively. Vegetation and soil physicochemical properties were also measured. The sampling sites were grouped into three, based on their SOM compositions Sphagnum moss-derived SOM, lipid-rich materials, and aromatic-rich materials. Our results show that SOM composition is spatially structured and linked to microtopography; however, the vegetation, soil properties, and bacterial community composition did not show overall spatial structuring. Simultaneously, soil properties and bacterial community composition were the main factors explaining SOM compositional variation, while vegetation had a residual effect. Verrucomicrobia and Acidobacteria were related to polysaccharides, and Chloroflexi was linked to aromatic compounds. These relationships were consistent across different hierarchical levels. Our results suggest that SOM composition at a local scale is closely linked with soil factors and the bacterial community. Comprehensive observation of ecosystem components is recommended to understand the in-situ function of bacteria and the fate of SOM in the moist acidic tundra.This study introduced fractions (labile, stable-adsorbed, tight-adsorbed fractions) of organophosphate esters (OPEs) into ecological risk assessment to evaluate the potential risks of organophosphate esters that released from sediment, and conduct a case study to verify it. The content of desorbable fractions was get from adsorption-desorption experiments. Adsorption process can be divided into fast sorption, gradual sorption, and final equilibrium stage, and labile, stable-adsorbed, tight-adsorbed fractions were formed during adsorption. Approximately 86.21% labile, 73.41% stable-adsorbed, and 43.01% tight-adsorbed TPhP-D can be desorbed from sediments in desorption experiments. According to the results, the value of hazard quotient (HQ) that calculated by desorbable fractions reduced by 13.88% than HQ calculated by the sum of fractions, and result of 29.76% decrease for ∑HQs. The isotherm results demonstrated that the contents of labile and stable-adsorbed fractions increased faster than tight-adsorbed fraction when the concentration of contaminant in water increased from 50 to 400 μg/L, which means ecological risk in areas with high concentration of contaminants are higher than the discreet value. In case study, an additional hotspot was found in areas, where characterized with high proportion of labile fraction, when ecological risk was calculated by desorbable fractions. Indicating that revised ecological risk assessment takes both of total content and desorbable content into consideration.Composite fuels made of waste from coal, petroleum and wood processing industries have a high environmental and economic potential. In this research, we experimentally studied the concentrations of the most hazardous gaseous anthropogenic emissions (CO2, SO2, NO) from waste-based fuel combustion. Using two techniques operating in complementary temperature ranges, we obtained data on SO2 and NO emissions in the temperature range from 300 °C to 1000°C, including all the stages of thermochemical conversion of fuels. A quasi-stationary technique was used, based on a setup of thermogravimetric analysis with mass spectrometry, to obtain information in a low-temperature range (300-600°C). This technique allows the conversion at a low controlled rate of heating a sample together with the furnace. To obtain data in a high-temperature range (700-1000°C), a non-stationary technique was used, where the sample was introduced into a pre-heated furnace. The conditions were established in which it was possible to reduce the concentration of flue gases from the combustion of the compositions under study (replacement of the coal part with water, injection of water vapor, addition of biomass, selection of the temperature range).