With obesity rate consistently increasing, a strong relationship between obesity and fatty liver disease has been discovered. More than 90% of bariatric surgery patients also have non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLDs). NAFLD and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which are the hepatic manifestations of metabolic syndrome, can lead to liver carcinogenesis. Unfortunately, there is no effective medicine that can be used to treat NASH or liver cancer. Thus, it is critically important to understand the mechanism underlying the development of these diseases. Extensive evidence suggests that microRNA 22 (miR-22) can be a diagnostic marker for liver diseases as well as a treatment target. This review paper focuses on the roles of miR-22 in metabolism, steatosis, and liver carcinogenesis. Literature search is limited based on the publications included in the PubMed database in the recent 10 years.Dendrobe (Dendrobium spp.) is a traditional medicinal and edible food, which is rich in nutrients and contains biologically active metabolites. The quality and price of dendrobe are related to its geographical origins, and high quality dendrobe is often imitated by low quality dendrobe in the market. In this work, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy sensor combined with porphyrin and chemometrics was used to distinguish 360 dendrobe samples from twelve different geographical origins. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA) was used to study the sensing performance of traditional NIR and tera-(4-methoxyphenyl)-porphyrin (TMPP)-NIR on the identification of dendrobe origin. In the PLSDA model, the recognition rate of the training and prediction set of the TMPP-NIR could reach 100%, which was higher than the 91.85% and 91.34% of traditional NIR. And the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the TMPP-NIR sensor are all 1.00. The mechanism of TMPP improving the specificity of NIR spectroscopy should be related to the π-π conjugated system and the methoxy groups of TMPP interact with the chemical components of dendrobe. This study reflected that NIR spectrum with TMPP sensor was an effective approach for identifying the geographic origin of dendrobe.Idiopathic scrotal calcinosis is a rare condition, characterized by the idiopathic deposition of calcium in the scrotal dermis leading to the formation of a single nodule or multiple nodules of different sizes. Surgical excision of the nodules reduces symptoms and improves cosmesis. We present a case of idiopathic scrotal calcinosis that had an en bloc excision of scrotal skin nodules and primary closure of the scrotal skin. Tivantinib nmr Handling each hemiscrotum as a separate entity and preserving the median raphe with its uninvolved skin improved the cosmesis. Reported outcomes of surgery were satisfactory with no postoperative complications. At 30 months of follow-up, the residual scrotal skin had regained its laxity and the scrotum its normal configuration. There is the risk of recurrence of the calcific nodules post excision, but these may be smaller in size and with regained scrotal configuration that could be amenable to excision with further preservation of the native scrotal skin.A 42-year-old man visited a community hospital with chief complaints of lumbago and dyschesia. Computed tomography (CT) showed multiple lung, lymph node, and bone metastases and the irregular enlarged prostate with urinary bladder invasion. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was 544.0 ng/mL. Histological evaluation showed adenocarcinoma with the Gleason score 5 + 4, and the clinical stage was T4N1M1c as an initial diagnosis. Although androgen deprivation therapy was performed immediately, he had castration-resistant PCa after 3 months. Therefore, he received 6 courses of docetaxel chemotherapy every 3 weeks. Serum PSA was decreased to 0.2 ng/mL, and multiple metastases and prostate size were obviously reduced based on CT. He underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy for prostatic fossa and multiple metastases. Although serum PSA level remained low, CT showed multiple liver metastases after 3 years from surgery. He received the combination therapy of cisplatin and etoposide (PE) every 4 weeks. Liver metastases had complete response. However, he visited our hospital with complaint of vomiting and a right drooping eyelid after 6 weeks from withdrawal of PE therapy. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple leptomeningeal metastases (LM). He received RT for the brain and was administered amrubicin. However, he died of PCa after 6 weeks from the diagnosis of LM.Proximal small bowel intussusception occurring in an adolescent Crohn's disease patient is an extremely rare entity. It is usually primary without a lead point and quite often a transient phenomenon. We report such transient and intermittent jejunal intussusception in a 16-year-old male, developing immediately in a postoperative period after a stoma reversal for jejunal stricture perforation peritonitis.Henoch-Schönlein purpura is a small vessel vasculitis that usually presents with palpable purpura, arthritis, abdominal pain, and nephritis. Subcutaneous oedema of dependent areas is common; however, oedema in the scalp is extremely rare especially in children older than two years. Here, we report a child with massive disfiguring scalp and facial oedema due to Henoch-Schönlein purpura. An eight-year-old boy presented with characteristic palpable purpuric rash and extensive disfiguring scalp and facial swelling for five days. He complained of blurred vision, vomiting, and severe headache on the day of admission. Examination revealed an ill child with extensive oedema of the face and scalp that was tender on palpation. His blood pressure was above the 99th percentile, and he had exaggerated deep tendon reflexes and extensor plantar responses. All biochemical investigations including renal function tests were normal. Noncontrast CT head showed normal brain, with marked soft tissue swelling of the scalp. Ultrasonography showed soft tissue oedema within and surrounding facial muscles without evidence of neck vessel compression. Urine analysis revealed microscopic haematuria on day 14 of the illness, and immunohistochemical staining of renal biopsy confirmed Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis. In conclusion, this case report presents a child with severe, disfiguring scalp and facial oedema due to Henoch-Schönlein purpura. It highlights that severe subcutaneous oedema of Henoch-Schönlein purpura can involve any part of the body not limiting to dependent areas.