How to cite this article Anirvan P, Meher D, Singh SP. Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in a Resource-constrained Setting A Reality Check. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2020;10(2) 92-97. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with an increased risk of liver failure, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level, the marker of viral load in the host, is a parameter affected by host factors. In this study, we investigated the relationship between HBV DNA level and insulin resistance as a host factor. In this study, 146 patients diagnosed with "HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection" (natural course phase 3, inactive carrier) according to the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) 2017 guidelines were retrospectively analyzed and demographic, anthropometric, histopathological, radiological and laboratory data of the patients were recorded. Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) levels of the patients were calculated, and according to the value, the patients were divided into two groups as insulin resistant and non-insulin resistant. All parameters, including HBV DNA, were H. PS-341 nmr Evaluation of the Relationship between Insulin Resistance and HBV DNA Level in Patients with HBeAg-negative Chronic HBV Infection (Natural Course Phase 3). Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol 2020;10(2)85-91. Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. In Turkey, stomach cancer is ranked 5th among men and 8th among women in all cancers and is located in the forefront in cancer-related deaths. Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma, which is the histopathological subtype of gastric cancer, has a poor prognosis. The incidence of signet ring cell adenocarcinoma is rising. In the present study, we aimed to describe the clinicopathologic features of signet ring cell adenocarcinoma. A total of 79 patients with 30 being female (38%) and 49 male (62%) who were diagnosed with gastric signet ring cell adenocarcinoma in the Medical Oncology Department of Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital between January 2004 and October 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. The baseline demographic characteristics of the patients, such as tumor localization, tumor stage, preoperative serum tumor markers, and treatment type (surgery and chemotherapy regimen), and the effects of these variables on survival and mortalita Our Experience. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2020;10(2)76-84. Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 has devasted the healthcare delivery system as well as social establishments of almost all countries of the world. However, vaccines for containing new cases of COVID-19 are yet to be realized. Also, presently available antiviral drugs and other standard of care (SOC) management strategies could not satisfactorily control COVID-19-related mortality, which has crossed the one million mark during the last 9 months. These facts present an emergent need for developing new, novel, and evolving therapeutic strategies for the management of COVID-19. This cohort study represents a clinical trial in real-life situations in Bangladesh where two immune modulators were applied in patients with severe and critical COVID-19 patients. A total of 199 confirmed patients of COVID-19 were enrolled in this study. All of them had severe and critical COVID-19 and they were hospitalized at the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka, Bangladesh. All patients wereorder to have a proper use of these immune modulators, there is a need to accomplish controlled, blinded, and large-scale prospective studies with at least two arms. Islam MA, Mazumder MA, Akhter N, Extraordinary Survival Benefits of Severe and Critical Patients with COVID-19 by Immune Modulators The Outcome of a Clinical Trial in Bangladesh. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2020;10(2)68-75.Islam MA, Mazumder MA, Akhter N, et al. Extraordinary Survival Benefits of Severe and Critical Patients with COVID-19 by Immune Modulators The Outcome of a Clinical Trial in Bangladesh. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2020;10(2)68-75. Patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) have low survival without liver transplantation. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) improves survival in ACLF and erythropoietin (EPO) promotes hepatic regeneration in animal studies. The aim of this study is to determine whether coadministration of G-CSF and EPO improves the outcome in ACLF. The study was conducted in the Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. Consecutive patients with ACLF were randomly assigned into group A and group B. Group A patients received subcutaneous G-CSF (5 mcg/kg/d) for 6 days and subcutaneous EPO (40 mcg/wk) for 4 weeks and group B patients received only standard medical care (control group). All patients were followed up for 3 months. The primary end point was to see survival at 3 months. Patients had comparable baseline characteristics; hepatitis B virus infection was the commonest etiology of ACLF as both acute and chronic events. A higher proportion of patients were merol 2020;10(2)64-67.Immune checkpoint inhibitors are new targeted treatments that harness the body's immune system to attack cancers. Drugs that are most extensively used among checkpoint inhibitors inhibit the PD-L1 or PD-1 (programmed death 1) ligand or receptor pair and are currently approved for many cancer indications. In gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas one inhibitor, pembrolizumab has regulatory approval for PD-L1 positive carcinomas. This meta-analysis investigates available data on the efficacy of PD-L1 or PD-1 inhibitors as a class in gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas. The literature was reviewed to identify clinical studies that included arms with PD-L1 or PD-1 inhibitors as monotherapy in gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas. Relevant patient characteristics, outcomes, and adverse effects were recorded. Summary estimates of response rates (RR) and survival were calculated using a random or fixed effect model, depending on heterogeneity. Six studies with a total of 1068 patients were included in the analysis.