The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) presents with a large variety of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic carrier state to severe respiratory distress, multiple organ dysfunction and death. While it was initially considered primarily a respiratory illness, rapidly accumulating data suggests that COVID-19 results in a unique, profoundly prothrombotic milieu leading to both arterial and venous thrombosis. Consistently, elevated D-dimer level has emerged as an independent risk factor for poor outcomes, including death. Several other laboratory markers and blood counts have also been associated with poor prognosis, possibly due to their connection to thrombosis. At present, the pathophysiology underlying the hypercoagulable state is poorly understood. However, a growing body of data suggests that the initial events occur in the lung. A severe inflammatory response, originating in the alveoli, triggers a dysfunctional cascade of inflammatory thrombosis in the pulmonary vasculature, leading to a state of local coagulopathy. This is followed, in patients with more severe disease, by a generalized hypercoagulable state that results in macro- and microvascular thrombosis. Of concern, is the observation that anticoagulation may be inadequate in many circumstances, highlighting the need for alternative or additional therapies. Numerous ongoing studies investigating the pathophysiology of the COVID-19 associated coagulopathy may provide mechanistic insights that can direct appropriate interventional strategies. In 2015, the Partnership for a Healthier America (PHA) piloted a branded social marketing communications initiative called the FNV (Fruits & Veggies) Campaign to promote the sale and consumption of fruits and vegetables among mom and teen target audiences in 2 California and Virginia pilot markets. After the first year, FNV was expanded to multiple markets across the United States through diverse partnerships. Factors, resources, and strategies that contribute to the effectiveness and sustainability of the campaign need to be identified. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore diverse stakeholders' views and expectations about the FNV Campaign design, reach, effectiveness, and impact and prospects for expansion, scale-up, and sustainability. Semistructured interviews were conducted between July and October 2016 with stakeholders to elicit their perspectives and expectations of the FNV Campaign. A purposive sample of diverse stakeholders (n= 22) affiliated with national, state, and loce the effectiveness and sustainability of the FNV Campaign as it expands and is scaled up across markets nationwide.Insights from this study can inform the strategic use of social marketing campaign elements to facilitate the effectiveness and sustainability of the FNV Campaign as it expands and is scaled up across markets nationwide. Because there is no well-established postoperative staging system for patients with remnant gastric cancer (RGC), we compared the overall survival of patients categorized with the 8th AJCC TNM staging system. A total of 391 patients underwent surgery for RGC at our institution between 1996 and 2019. Among them, 201 patients received their first surgery at our institution and 190 received primary surgery elsewhere. We retrospectively reviewed their medical records and classified each according to Kaminishi's classification and the 8th AJCC TNM staging system for comparison and analysis. All 201 patients who underwent their first operation at our institution for malignancy were classified as primary (n=41, 20.4%), residual (n=103, 51.2%), and recurrent (n=57, 28.4%) RGC. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates for the primary, residual, and recurrent RGC groups were 78.1%, 73.8% and 56.0%, respectively (p=0.004). In a multivariate analysis, RGC classification was an independent prognostic factor along with the TNM staging system (p=0.001). However, there was no significant difference in OS between the three groups of the same TNM stage. In addition, the OS of each stage related to primary cancer was not significantly different from the OS of RGC patients classified in TNM staging. The RGC classification system we used may reflect the comprehensive aspects of previous disease states and predict the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. In addition, the 8th AJCC TNM classification is a practical and applicable staging system for RGC.The RGC classification system we used may reflect the comprehensive aspects of previous disease states and predict the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. In addition, the 8th AJCC TNM classification is a practical and applicable staging system for RGC. Survival in patients with chondrosarcomas has not improved over 40 years. Although emerging evidence has documented the efficacy of navigation-assisted surgery, the prognostic significance in chondrosarcomas remains unknown. Selleckchem RG-7112 We aimed to assess the clinical benefit of navigation-assisted surgery for pelvic chondrosarcomas involving the peri-acetabulum. We studied 50 patients who underwent limb-sparing surgery for periacetabular chondrosarcomas performed with navigation (n=13) without it (n=37) at a referral musculoskeletal oncology centre between 2000 and 2015. The intralesional resection rates in the navigated and non-navigated groups were 8% (n=1) and 19% (n=7), respectively; all bone resection margins were clear in the navigated group. The 5-year cumulative incidence of local recurrence was 23% and 56% in the navigated and non-navigated groups, respectively (p=0.035). There were no intra-operative complications related to use of navigation. There was a trend toward better functional outcomes in the navigated group (mean MSTS score, 67%) than the non-navigated group (mean MSTS score, 60%; p=0.412). At a mean follow-up of 63 months, the 5-year disease-specific survival was 76% and 53% in the navigated and non-navigated group, respectively (p=0.085), whilst the 5-year progression-free survival was 62% and 28% in the navigated and non-navigated group, respectively (p=0.032). This study confirmed improved local control and progression-free survival with the use of computer navigation in patients with limb-salvage surgery for periacetabular chondrosarcomas, although the advancement in other treatment modalities is required for improvement of disease-specific survival.This study confirmed improved local control and progression-free survival with the use of computer navigation in patients with limb-salvage surgery for periacetabular chondrosarcomas, although the advancement in other treatment modalities is required for improvement of disease-specific survival.