We examined the efficacy and safety of using antipsychotic medication for schizophrenia using only randomized trials of antipsychotic for schizophrenia conducted in Japan to avoid the biological and environmental heterogeneities caused by pooling data from various races and ethnicities. We searched for eligible studies on Embase, PubMed, and CENTRAL. Primary outcomes were improvement in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total score (PANSS-T) and all-cause discontinuation. Other outcomes were improvement in PANSS subscale scores, discontinuation due to adverse events or inefficacy, and the incidence of 16 adverse events. We calculated mean difference or risk ratios and 95% credible intervals. We identified 34 RCTs (6798 patients; mean study duration, 9.0±4.24 weeks; proportion of male patients, 53.7%; mean age, 43.3 years). Besides placebo, studies included aripiprazole, asenapine, blonanserin, blonanserin-patch, brexpiprazole, clocapramine (no PANSS data), clozapine (no PANSS data), haloperidol, luralysis involving various races and ethnicities.Digital phenotyping has potential for use as an objective and ecologically valid form of symptom assessment in clinical trials for schizophrenia. However, there are critical methodological factors that must be addressed before digital phenotyping can be used for this purpose. The current study evaluated levels of adherence, feasibility, and tolerability for active (i.e., signal and event contingent ecological momentary assessment surveys) and passive (i.e., geolocation, accelerometry, and ambulatory psychophysiology) digital phenotyping methods recorded from smartphone and smartband devices. Participants included outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia (SZ n = 54) and demographically matched healthy controls (CN n = 55), who completed 6 days of digital phenotyping. Adherence was significantly lower in SZ than CN for active recordings, but not markedly different for passive recordings. Some forms of passive recordings had lower adherence (ambulatory psychophysiology) than others (accelerometry and geolocation). Active digital phenotyping adherence was predicted by higher psychosocial functioning, whereas passive digital phenotyping adherence was predicted by education, positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and psychosocial functioning in people with SZ. Both groups found digital phenotyping methods tolerable and feasibility was supported by low frequency of invalid responding, brief survey completion times, and similar impediments to study completion. Digital phenotyping methods can be completed by individuals with SZ with good adherence, feasibility, and tolerability. Recommendations are provided for using digital phenotyping methods in clinical trials for SZ.Lightning strike-related deaths are unusual, and the victim bodies can present different lesions due to the different injury mechanisms associated with this event. Since the post mortem assessment can be challenging, the evaluation of the characteristics of the skin lesions becomes fundamental to reconstruct the event. Due to the paucity of literature on this topic, the authors report the case of a 59-year-old man found dead near his home after a thunderstorm. Initially considered a murder by gunshot, the autopsy revealed the typical lightning strike lesions, also known as Lichtenberg figures. The adequate interpretation of the autopsy data and the histological evidences allowed to reconstruct the death dynamic and to relate it to a lightning strike. The main lesions due to lightening are here reported and discussed in order to provide a workflow for the identification of lightening as cause of death in unwitnessed cases.One of the most common ways to assess the age in subadults using dental records is the Demirjian method. As the number of the studies using this method increased significantly in the recent years, and as their results were often conflicting, we investigated the accuracy of the method. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies obtained from Pubmed, using a random-effects model with the DerSimonian-Laird estimator, and raw mean difference for effect size measure. Prediction intervals (at 95%) were used to assess the presence of significant statistical differences between chronological and dental age. Our meta-analysis showed that Demirijan's method overestimated dental age by 0.48 years in girls and 0.51 in boys. Depending on the location and sex, in girls the smallest average overestimation was found in Asia (except India), with a value of 0.36 years, and the largest overestimation in Turkey/Arabia, with a value of 0.66 years. 5-Chloro-2'-deoxyuridine An chemical In boys, the smallest average overestimation was found in India (0.45 years), but Asia (except India), Africa - both with 0.46 years and Oceania - with 0.47 years were close, while the largest overestimation was found in Turkey/Arabia, with an average value of 0.63 years. The Demirjian method overestimated the age by about half a year for both sexes. Even if there are some geographical/ethnic differences, they are rather small, making the method useful irrespective of the ethnic profile of the subjects.Casework evidence samples are likely to be placed under diverse and harsh environments as compared to quantified DNA samples including serial-diluted standard DNA samples. Internal validation of a novel STR kit using casework evidence sample, which is conducted according to various conditions such as DNA contamination and degradation, is crucial before being used as a forensic application. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the reliability of the Investigator® 24plex QS kit through DNA derived from casework evidence and to assess whether it is applicable to STR analysis together with PowerPlex® Fusion System and GlobalFiler™ PCR Amplification Kit. DNA was extracted from 189 casework evidence samples in a total of 77 cases. The mismatch of the allelic size of this kit through allelic sizing precision test, was suitable according to ENFSI guidelines. All heterozygous balance of the three kits were above 0.6 recommended value of ENFSI guideline. The number of allele drop-in was most frequent in the GlobalFiler™ PCR Amplification Kit.