In total, 237 deliveries were recorded over 6 months (3 deliveries were excluded from our data); these deliveries were performed by four OB-GYN physicians named A to D. Significant differences in workload were noted between OB-GYN physicians working in the traditional mode and those in the on-call mode, but no significant differences were noted among those working in the hospitalist mode. All OB-GYN physicians worked an average of seven shifts, and no significant differences among them were noted. The hospitalist mode might be the optimal mode for OB-GYN physicians to achieve a favorable work-life balance if their original main jobs are obstetric practice.The hospitalist mode might be the optimal mode for OB-GYN physicians to achieve a favorable work-life balance if their original main jobs are obstetric practice. Low muscle strength and poor muscle quality are highly prevalent in patients with chronic hemodialysis (HD), which lead to an increased risk of poor clinical outcomes. Leptin dysregulation is common in HD patients. Given that leptin receptors are abundant in skeletal muscle, there may be a link between leptin and muscle strength. The cross-sectional study aimed to explore the correlation of serum leptin levels with muscle strength and muscle quality in patients with chronic HD. A total of 118 chronic HD patients were included in this study. Basic characteristics, handgrip strength, body composition were assessed, and blood samples for serum leptin levels and other biochemical test were obtained. We defined skeletal muscle index (SMI) as skeletal muscle mass/height (kg/m ) and muscle quality as handgrip strength divided by mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC). Patients were classified into tertile groups, according to sex-specific leptin levels. We observed that patients in the higher leptin tertile tel relationship between circulating leptin levels and muscle strength.We concluded that higher serum leptin levels are associated with low handgrip strength and poor muscle quality in male patients on chronic HD. Further studies are needed to clarify the gender differences and to evaluate the casual relationship between circulating leptin levels and muscle strength. The clinical significance of positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) functional parameters in nasopharyngealcarcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. The purpose of this prospective study was two-fold (1) to investigate the associations between simultaneously acquired PET/MRI perfusion, diffusion, and glucose metabolism parameters in patients with NPC and (2) to analyze their predictive value with respect to treatment failure. We enrolled 85 patients with primary NPC who simultaneously underwent F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT and PET/MRI before definitive treatment. The following variables were determined (1) functional parameters from the MRI component, including perfusion values ( , , , and initial area under the enhancement curve) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, and (2) PET parameters, including metabolic tumor volume (MTV). The reciprocal interrelationships between these parameters and their correlations with treatment failure were examined. We observed significhave a complementary role in predicting treatment failure in this clinical setting. The objective of the study was to determine the risk of subsequent keratitis in prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Three thousand three hundred and nine patients with PCa were identified using data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database for 2001 through 2013. Among those patients, 856 treated with ADT comprised the study group, while 856 non-ADT-treated patients matched with 11 propensity-score-matched analysis comprised the control group. The demographic characteristics and comorbidities of all the patients were analyzed, and Cox proportional hazards regression was utilized to determine the hazard ratios (HRs) for subsequent keratitis. A total of 157 (9.2%) patients had newly diagnosed keratitis. Compared to the non-ADT-treated patients, the ADT-treated patients had a reduced risk of subsequent keratitis, with an adjusted HR of 0.38 (95% confidence interval 0.27-0.55; < 0.001). ADT treatment apparently decreased the risk of subsequent keratitis in the investigated PCa patients, but the clinical significance of this finding should be further assessed in additional studies.ADT treatment apparently decreased the risk of subsequent keratitis in the investigated PCa patients, but the clinical significance of this finding should be further assessed in additional studies. HIV virtually affects every organ system of the body. The skeletal system is no exception, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been implicated in bone diseases. However, not many studies have been done to evaluate bone disease in treatment (ART) naive HIV-infected patients, and hence, the present study was executed. One hundred and twenty HIV-infected ART-naive patients and 80 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited for this study. A thorough history and physical examination was done followed by laboratory investigations after an overnight fasting. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan at the level of lumbar spine, femur, and forearm. Of 120 ART-naive HIV-infected cases, the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was 13% and 41%, respectively, as compared to 0% and 17.5% in controls ( < 0.001). The mean BMD in cases was 0.842 g/cm which was approximately 25% lesser than that in controls. Hypovitaminosis-D was seen in 100% of cases as compared to 65% of controls ( < 0.01). A significant association of low BMD was seen with HIV-infection ( < 0.001), low CD4 cell counts ( < 0.001), low Vitamin D levels ( < 0.001), long duration of disease ( < 0.04), history of opportunistic infections ( < 0.03), and history of tuberculosis in the past ( < 0.05). Bone diseases such as osteoporosis and osteopenia characterized by low BMD are very common in HIV-infected patients. Virus , along with low CD4 cell counts and low Vitamin D levels are major predictors of pathological fractures in these individuals.Bone diseases such as osteoporosis and osteopenia characterized by low BMD are very common in HIV-infected patients. D-Galactose Virus per se, along with low CD4 cell counts and low Vitamin D levels are major predictors of pathological fractures in these individuals.