In vivo imaging of glucose analogue 2-deoxy-2-[ F]fluoro-D-glucose ([ F]FDG) via positron emission tomography (PET) is the current gold standard to visualize and assess brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity. However, glucose metabolism is only a part of the metabolic activity of BAT. [ F]FDG-PET has been shown in clinical trials to often fail to visualize BAT under insulin-resistant conditions associated with aging and weight gain. We employed a novel developed triglyceride-based tracer to visualize BATs metabolic activity under different temperature conditions as well as under diabetic and obese conditions in preclinical models. [ F]BDP-TG-chylomicron-like particles visualized BAT in control, streptozocin-induced diabetes and obese mice. selleckchem Increased BAT tracer uptake was found in control mice acutely exposed to cold but not in cold-acclimated animals. Diabetes did not remove BAT tracer uptake, but did limit BAT tracer uptake to levels of control mice housed at 21°C. In obese animals, BAT tracer uptake was significantly reduced, although the stimulating effect of cold exposure could still be noted. BAT was visualized in control, diabetic and obese conditions. Streptozocin-induced diabetes, but not obesity, inhibited the stimulatory effect of cold exposure.BAT was visualized in control, diabetic and obese conditions. Streptozocin-induced diabetes, but not obesity, inhibited the stimulatory effect of cold exposure. Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) develops in approximately 25% of chronic users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The incidence of uncomplicated PUD has been declining over the past 3 decades unlike that of complicated PUD in the elderly. An expert consensus document published jointly in 2008 by the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG), the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), and the American Heart Association (AHA) provided recommendations on prevention of PUD among users of antiplatelets and anticoagulants. This work aimed to evaluate physicians' compliance with these guidelines in a tertiary academic setting. We examined our medical record database for the 9month period extending from April 2018 until December 2018. Using this database, we identified elderly patients (> 64years old) who were chronic (> 3months) users of low dose aspirin (81mg once daily) and had an indication for PUD prophylaxis as per the ACG-ACCF-AHA guideline document. We performed a retrospectiv of NSAID use and an aging population, may help explain the increased incidence of complicated PUD in the elderly. Efforts are needed to raise physician awareness of PUD prophylaxis guidelines. Acute pancreatitis may complicate pregnancy and both are associated with gallstones, but its incidence is not well known. To validate hospital discharge records in diagnosing acute pancreatitis and gallstones and to evaluate acute pancreatitis incidence in non pregnant, pregnant and after delivery using hospital discharge records METHODS We identified all hospital discharge records of hospitalized Sicilian women of childbearing age (2011-2016). We determined agreement between 300 hospital discharge records and hospital records in diagnosing acute pancreatitis and gallstones. Acute pancreatitis incidence, prognosis, and their relationship with age and gallstones were calculated in the three groups using hospital discharge records. There was 92% and 88% agreement in diagnosing acute pancreatitis and gallstones between hospital discharge and hospital records. In non pregnant, 1,564 of 7,236,863 women-years (21.61/100,000 person-years) developed acute pancreatitis. During pregnancy, 34 of 226,492 women-years developed acute pancreatitis (20.02/100,000 person-years). Postpartum acute pancreatitis incidence was higher than non pregnant, only in the first 2years with the peak in the first semester (95.4/100,000 person-years). The increased incidence of postpartum acute pancreatitis was associated with gallstones in youngest women (gallstones acute pancreatitis in women below 20years old versus non pregnant rate ratios 16.61; 95% CI 8.40-32.87). Agreement in acute pancreatitis and gallstones diagnosis between hospital discharge and hospital records was accurate. Acute pancreatitis incidence was increased only in the first 2years after delivery in young women with gallstones.Agreement in acute pancreatitis and gallstones diagnosis between hospital discharge and hospital records was accurate. Acute pancreatitis incidence was increased only in the first 2 years after delivery in young women with gallstones.Chronic pain is highly prevalent in the United States, impacting 28.4% of the adult population, or 69.6 million people, as of 2016. Chronic pain is often associated with anxiety, depression, and restrictions in mobility and daily activities, substantially reducing quality of life. Analgesics, especially opioids, are one of the primary pharmaceutical treatment methods for chronic pain. However, prescription opioid misuse and abuse has become increasingly prevalent and concerning, prompting the need for research into alternative treatment methods which avoid the side effects of traditional treatments. Chronic pain is, in part, thought to be the result of oxidative stress and inflammation, and clinical research has indicated links between these conditions and diet. Thus, dietary interventions are a particularly promising therapeutic treatment for chronic pain, with numerous studies suggesting that diet has a noticeable effect on pain as far down as the cellular level. In this review article, data from a number of clinical trials assessing the effect of three diets-antioxidant-rich, low-carbohydrate, and Mediterranean-on oxidative stress and inflammation is compiled and discussed in the context of chronic pain. Clinical data suggests that low-carbohydrate diets and Mediterranean diets both are especially promising dietary interventions. Sleep disturbance is often comorbid with chronic pain disorders, with emerging evidence suggesting a stronger effect of sleep disturbance on pain than vice versa; however, few studies have evaluated the long-term associations between sleep disturbance and pain. This study was to examine the associations of sleep disturbance with knee pain severity, number of painful sites (NPS) and persistent pain in a 10.7-year cohort study. A total of 1099 community-dwelling older adults (age mean ± SD, 63 ± 7.5years; 51% female) were recruited and followed up at 2.6, 5.1 and 10.7years later. Data on demographics, body mass index, physical activity and comorbidities were collected. At each time point, sleep disturbance, knee pain severity and NPS were assessed by using questionnaires. Multisite pain (MSP) was defined as NPS ≥ 2. Persistent knee pain or MSP was defined as having knee pain or MSP at all time points, respectively. Multivariable mixed-effects models and log-binomial regression were applied. In multivariable analyses, sleep disturbance was associated with greater knee pain severity (β 0.