Negative affect (either high- or low-arousal) predicted lower satisfaction during the next social contact, but such sustainable influence was not observed for positive affect. DISCUSSION The study reveals a cycle in which elevated negative affect may trigger unsatisfactory social contact, which subsequently predicted less low-arousal positive affect such as quietness and calmness. Our study provided a more nuanced and differentiated picture of the temporal sequencing of everyday social contact and momentary affect. Practitioners may gain insights from our study into the development of just-in-time adaptive interventions that aim for the betterment of affective well-being in old age. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.This audit describes ionizing and non-ionizing diagnostic imaging at a regional trauma centre. All 144 patients (males 79.2%, median age 31 years) met with trauma team activation from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2015 were included. We used data from electronic health records to identify all diagnostic imaging and report radiation exposure as dose area product (DAP) for conventional radiography (X-ray) and dose length product (DLP) and effective dose for CT. During hospitalization, 134 (93.1%) underwent X-ray, 122 (84.7%) CT, 92 (63.9%) focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST), 14 (9.7%) ultrasound (FAST excluded) and 32 (22.2%) magnetic resonance imaging. One hundred and sixteen (80.5%) underwent CT examinations during trauma admissions, and 73 of 144 (50.7%) standardized whole body CT (SWBCT). DAP values were below national reference levels. Median DLP and effective dose were 2396 mGycm and 20.42 mSv for all CT examinations, and 2461 mGycm (national diagnostic reference level 2400) and 22.29 mSv for a SWBCT. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press.BACKGROUND Healthy lifestyle adherence is associated with lower chronic disease morbidity/mortality. The role of doctors, as counselors and role models, is essential. Among physicians participating in a prospective cohort, we investigated the behavioral counseling on diet and lifestyle provided to their patients in association with their own personal behaviors. METHODS We assessed 890 doctors aged ≤65 years participating in the 'Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra' (SUN) cohort, who replied to an online questionnaire regarding their practices on behavioral counseling and drug prescription to their patients. Data were combined with previous baseline information on their personal healthy habits. RESULTS Among doctors, 31% reported less then 10 min per visit; 73% counseled 60-100% of their patients on smoking cessation, 58% on physical activity, 54% on weight control, 51% on healthy nutrition, 44% on alcohol avoidance/reduction and 28% recommended alcohol moderate consumption. The percentage of doctors that counseled 100% of their patients about lifestyle was 43% for smoking cessation, 15% for exercise and 13% for weight control and nutrition. Better doctor's adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern was associated with more frequent and longer nutrition counseling. Higher practice of physical activity was associated with longer time on counseling about exercise to their patients. Among doctors both current and former smoking were inversely associated with the frequency and duration of their smoking cessation/avoidance counseling practices. CONCLUSIONS Personal behavioral changes among doctors and better training of medical doctors on a personal healthy diet and lifestyle are likely to contribute to improve the behavioral counseling given to patients. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND AND AIMS Vedolizumab was shown to be safe and effective for the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in the GEMINI long-term safety (LTS) study. The vedolizumab Extended Access Program (XAP) provides patients with continued treatment. The XAP pharmacokinetics (PK) substudy investigated vedolizumab efficacy, safety, and PK. METHODS Vedolizumab dosing frequency was reduced from every 4 weeks (Q4W) to every 8 weeks (Q8W) at XAP enrollment and patients were followed for 56 weeks. Outcomes included efficacy, loss of clinical benefit and re-escalation to Q4W dosing, vedolizumab PK, immunogenicity, and adverse events. RESULTS Among 167 enrolled patients (CD=88, UC=79), 80 (91%) with CD and 73 (92%) with UC completed 56 weeks; 76 (86%) and 71 (90%) with CD and UC, respectively, remained on Q8W dosing for 56 weeks. Clinical remission, corticosteroid-free clinical remission, and C-reactive protein levels were stable among patients remaining on Q8W through Week 56. Four patients with CD and 2 with UC resumed Q4W dosing (3 with CD regained clinical response). Patients with CD who completed Week 56 on Q8W dosing had median trough vedolizumab concentrations of 43.6 µg/mL at enrollment and 10.4 µg/mL at Week 56; concentrations were 42.4 µg/mL and 13.3 µg/mL, respectively, in patients with UC. Treatment-related adverse events were infrequent; no new or serious adverse events related to vedolizumab were reported. CONCLUSIONS In the XAP-PK substudy, adherence to Q8W dosing was high with no loss of efficacy; very few patients required re-escalation to Q4W. There were no new safety signals. © European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO) 2020.BACKGROUND Human polyomaviruses can reactivate in transplant patients causing nephropathy, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, Merkel cell carcinoma, pruritic rash or trichodysplasia spinulosa. Sirolimus and related mTOR inhibitors are transplant immunosuppressants. It is unknown if they directly reactivate polyomavirus replication from latency beyond their general effects on immunosuppression. Acetalax molecular weight METHODS In vitro expression and turnover of large T (LT) proteins from BK, JC, Merkel cell, HPyV7 and trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomaviruses after drug treatment were determined by immunoblotting, proximity ligation, replicon DNA replication and whole virus immunofluorescence assays. RESULTS mTOR inhibition increased LT protein expression for all 5 pathogenic polyomaviruses tested. This correlated with LT stabilization, decrease in the Skp2 E3 ligase targeting these LT proteins for degradation, as well as increase in virus replication for JCV, MCV, TSV and HPyV7. Treatment with sirolimus, but not the calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus, at levels routinely achieved in patients, resulted in a dose-dependent increase in viral DNA replication for BKV, MCV and HPyV7.