e, while providing an opportunity for students to be exposed to managing patients with special needs. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible correlation between adjacent periapical lesions of maxillary teeth and Schneiderian membrane thickness (SMT). An analytical study of case-control study design was conducted. From the archives, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 83 patients with periapical lesion in any of the maxillary posterior teeth were randomly selected as the case group. The normal, contralateral teeth in the same patient were considered in the control group. Eighty-eight teeth were considered in each group, comprising a total sample of 176. selleck For each sample in case group, the distance from the border of the periapical lesion to the cortical bone of the bony floor of the maxillary sinus and SMT were measured. SMT on the contralateral side adjacent to the healthy (control) teeth was also measured. Data were presented in mean ± standard deviation and inferential statistics was performed using independent test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Later Pearson correlation and multiple linear logistic regression were carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software program, version 21.0 at 95% confidence interval. Teeth with periapical lesion were found to have significantly ( < 0.001) increased SMT when compared with that of adjacent to healthy teeth. On the contrary, nonsignificant differences were found in SMT when genders and age groups were compared ( = 0.295 and 0.060, respectively). A strong negative correlation was observed between distance of the lesion to the sinus and SMT ( = 0.003). Neighboring periapical lesions of maxillary teeth are associated with SMT that is worsened when the lesion is close to the sinus.Neighboring periapical lesions of maxillary teeth are associated with SMT that is worsened when the lesion is close to the sinus. Biomedical waste management and recycling is a very important topic today to preserve the environment, especially at the university level where future specialists in the health sciences are trained. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and awareness about recycling of dental materials and waste management among Peruvian undergraduate students of dentistry. This cross-sectional study evaluated 254 Peruvian undergraduate dentistry students from October 2019 to January 2020, at the National University of San Marcos. The associated factors evaluated were age ( 1), sex ( 2), year of study ( 3), and marital status ( 4), which were analyzed using a logit model to identify the influence of the intervening variables with a value <0.05. None of the variables studied were considered to be a factor affecting the awareness, knowledge, and management of biomedical waste in Peruvian dentistry students, with the following odds ratios (OR) being obtained age (OR = 0.96; confidence interval [CI] 0.85-1.08), sex (OR = 1.69; CI 0.98-2.90), year of study (OR = 1.18; CI 0.91-1.54), and marital status (OR = 1.84; CI 0.14-23.68). The results of this study show that Peruvian Public University students have knowledge and are aware of the need for adequate management and/or recycling of biomedical waste dental care products, with none of the possible associated variables studied significantly affecting this relationship.The results of this study show that Peruvian Public University students have knowledge and are aware of the need for adequate management and/or recycling of biomedical waste dental care products, with none of the possible associated variables studied significantly affecting this relationship. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of knowledge and attitude of dental practitioners (DPs) toward vital pulp therapy (VPT) of young permanent teeth in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out by taking convenient sample of general DPs and specialist attending Saudi International Dental Conference, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 200 DPs administered a structured, self-administered questionnaire to evaluate their knowledge and attitude toward VPT. The questionnaire comprised four parts Part I Characteristics of the study participants; Part II Items related to indications and diagnosis of VPT; Part III Questions related to the different VPTs for immature permanent teeth; and Part IV Dental materials used in VPT and restoration. All the data were entered into the statistical analysis software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY) and analyzed by using descriptive statistics of frequency distribution and percentages for improve knowledge and attitude of dental professionals about the VPT by attending continuing dental educational programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclination of the maxillary incisors (I), facial axis (FA), and growth axis (GA) in different vertical and sagittal patterns. A total of 498 consecutive orthodontic patients, with an average age of 18.87 years (range = 5-63 years), were grouped based on their vertical and sagittal patterns. Maxillary incisors, FA, and GA axes were traced and their corresponding angles to nasion-basion and true horizontal lines were measured. The sample was divided into three groups based on the mandibular divergence (mandibular plane-MP/sella-nasion [SN]) Group 1-hypodivergent pattern (MP/SN ≤ 27; = 30), Group 2-normodivergent pattern (27 < MP/SN <37; = 254), and Group 3-hyperdivergent pattern (MP/SN ≥ 37; = 214); the sample was then divided into three groups based on the sagittal pattern (ANB, angle between points A, Nasion and B) Group I-skeletal CLI (Class I) (0 <ANB <4; = 228), Group II-skeletal CLII (ANB ≥ 4; = 216), and Group III-skeletal CLIII (ANB ≤ 0; = 54). Group differences were evaluated using the analysis of variance and tests. Chi-square tests were used for testing relationships between categorical variables. FA/nasion-basion (NBa) and GA/NBa were different among the vertical groups ( < 0.001). FA/NBa was found significantly different in the sagittal groups, whereas GA/NBa was only different between CLII and CLIII groups. Compensation in maxillary incisors' inclination was present in the sagittal groups, but not in the vertical ones. CLI patients when stratified in vertical groups showed FA/NBa and GA/NBa to be different across the three vertical groups. FA/NBa was found different in the vertical and the sagittal groups. Maxillary incisors compensation was only found in the sagittal and not in the vertical groups.FA/NBa was found different in the vertical and the sagittal groups. Maxillary incisors compensation was only found in the sagittal and not in the vertical groups.