Endoscopic ear surgery is inexpedient in children up to 4 years. It is necessary to expect that intervention will be exigeant and transition to the microscopic equipment is required in case of 4-7 years old patients. Endoscopic ear surgery can be used with success to performance of various manipulations and surgical interventions on a middle ear in patients 8-18 years old.Endoscopic ear surgery is inexpedient in children up to 4 years. It is necessary to expect that intervention will be exigeant and transition to the microscopic equipment is required in case of 4-7 years old patients. Endoscopic ear surgery can be used with success to performance of various manipulations and surgical interventions on a middle ear in patients 8-18 years old. Otitis media with effusion (OME) accounts for 15-17% of the total number of recorded diseases of the middle ear. Surgical methods have become much more common. One of the factors affecting the tactics and effectiveness of treatment OME is the degree of viscosity of the effusion. Modern diagnostic methods do not allow to reliably identify cases of OME with high effusion viscosity. To study the possibilities of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the diagnosis of OME and a non-invasive study of effusion viscosity. An analysis of the results of the examination of 29 patients who underwent surgical treatment for OME - tympanostomy. A control group of 30 patients without middle ear pathology. The study used a spectral OCT with a non-contact probe designed specifically for studies of the structural middle ear. Quantitative analysis of the results using open source ImageJ. Objectification of the degree of viscosity of the effusion was carried out by means of viscometry. A comparative analysis of the intensitweight structures that are present in large quantities in viscous effusion. A correlation was found between the intensity of the optical signal in the TC and the degree of viscosity of the middle ear effusion. Based on OCT data, it is possible to determine the indications for surgical treatment of OME by detecting viscous exudate.Based on OCT data, it is possible to determine the indications for surgical treatment of OME by detecting viscous exudate.There are no reliable data on the volume of the drug reaching the affected tympanic cavity during the catheterization of Eustachian tube (ET). Objective to conduct an experiment and to study the effectiveness of administering a drug into the tympanic cavity of the middle ear using an original ear catheter, which allows catheterization of ET in the direction of its lumen. The study included patients with unilateral OME (n=21, the duration of the disease from 2 to 3 months), who were recommended for the ventilation tube insertion. The main inclusion criterion was 3 degree of patency of the ET. The experiment was performed under endotracheal anesthesia. ET was catheterized before insertion of the ventilation tube, with a 0.9% saline in a volume of 7 ml, which was previously tinted with Brilliant Green. A syringe with a contrast solution was connected to an ear catheter and the drug was injected into the middle ear by the air-liquid substitution method. Otoscopically evaluated the following parameters the volume of the injected drug (in ml) for the initial (V1), partial (V2) and complete filling of the tympanic cavity (V3). As a result, it was found that 18 patients (85.7%) achieved full or partial filling of the tympanic cavity with a stained preparation V1=2.25 ml, V2=7.0 ml in 11 (52.4%) patients, V3=4.29 ml - in 7 (33.3%) patients. In this case, the minimum loss of the liquid form of the drug during CT catheterization is 12. In 3 (14.3%) patients there were no endoscopic signs of contrasting of the tympanic cavity.A retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 436 patients (332 adults and 104 children under the age of 15 years) with acquired middle ear cholesteatoma was performed to identify possible predictors of relapse of the process and a prospective assessment of the results of surgical treatment. It was revealed that the leading factors in the development of residual pathology were the presence of cholesteatoma in the area of destruction of the bone wall of the canal of the facial nerve, cholesteatoma of the hypothympanum, cholesteatoma in the place of destruction of the bone wall of the posterior cranial fossa. The key reasons for the formation of recurrent pathology were children under 15 years of age, closed surgery, pathological changes in the tympanic orifice of the auditory tube and the presence of cholesteatoma in its lumen. Performing a closed operation in adults with pathology of the tympanic orifice of the auditory tube increases the risk of recurrent cholesteatoma by 18.6%, and in children by 20%. The choice of a closed method of surgical intervention for the epitympanic type of the disease can increase the risk of residual pathology by 17.2% in adults and 27.8% in children.'Tree-in-bud' (TIB) appearance in computed tomography (CT) chest is most commonly a manifestation of infection. We here describe an unusual cause of TIB during the COVID-19 pandemic. A young male patient who had a history of fever, cough, and respiratory distress presented in the emergency department. As these symptoms matched with coronavirus infection, the COVID-19 test was done, which was found negative. He was then moved to the intensive care unit where he developed severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and was put on mechanical ventilation. Further workup did not reveal any source of infection, as all his cultures were negative, but his CT chest showed a tree-in-bud appearance. After obtaining a detailed history from his friends, the patient was found a chronic abuser of inhaled cocaine and treated with intravenous steroids. Subsequently, he was weaned from the ventilator and discharged from the intensive care unit after becoming asymptomatic.COVID-19 has been affecting mankind round the globe. The incidence of this infectious disease of respiratory origin is constantly on rise. Another infectious disease widely prevalent is tuberculosis (TB). During past corona virus pandemics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, coinfection with TB was seen. selleck inhibitor We present this review as the co-infection of COVID-19 with TB has not been assessed yet, imposing a greater global threat. We suggest few measures to be implemented without delay for effectively screening the suspects of co-infection and also follow up of non-suspect patients in the post-pandemic phase.