The keyhole technique under otoendoscopy can be used flexibly and conveniently in the second-look surgery to make up for the shortage of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.The keyhole technique under otoendoscopy can be used flexibly and conveniently in the second-look surgery to make up for the shortage of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. We are inclined to pay special care and attention to children with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS). However, it is not clear whether children with LVAS have more developmental delays than children without LVAS. To compare the developmental performance between pediatric cochlear implantation (CI) candidates with and without LVAS. Medical records of pediatric CI candidates were reviewed. Through propensity score matching analysis, 70 children with LVAS and 70 gender-, age-, and auditory-matched children were recruited as the LVAS and non-LVAS group, respectively. Developmental performances were compared between the two groups. Compared with normal developmental metrics, both LVAS and non-LVAS groups had developmental delay in multiple domains (both  .001). Although some differences in motor developments between children with LVAS and without LVAS, they demonstrated overall equal developmental levels in both verbal and nonverbal aspects (all  .05). Age of intervention was the primary risk factor for developmental performance of LVAS children (  0  .05) with an obvious delay starting at 1 year of age. Pediatric CI candidates with LVAS had both verbal and nonverbal developmental delays. However, they exhibited similar overall developmental performances to those without LVAS.Pediatric CI candidates with LVAS had both verbal and nonverbal developmental delays. However, they exhibited similar overall developmental performances to those without LVAS.Aging is associated with reductions in muscle and bone mass and brain function, which may be counteracted by several lifestyle factors, of which exercise appears to be most beneficial. However, less than 20% of older adults (> 55 years of age) adhere to performing the recommended amount of resistance training (≥ 2 days/week) and less than 12% regularly meet the aerobic exercise guidelines (≥ 150 min/week of moderate to vigorous intensity aerobic exercise) required to achieve significant health benefits. Therefore, from a healthy aging and clinical perspective, it is important to determine whether other lifestyle interventions (independent of exercise) can have beneficial effects on aging muscle quality and quantity, bone strength, and brain function. Creatine, a nitrogen containing organic compound found in all cells of the body, has the potential to have favorable effects on muscle, bone, and brain health (independent of exercise) in older adults. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine and summarize the small body of research investigating the effects of creatine supplementation alone on measures of muscle mass and performance, bone mineral and strength, and indices of brain health in older adults. Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) commonly exhibit a range of functional difficulties, presumed linked to neurocognitive changes. Evidence-based first-line treatments have limited effect on improving these cognitive-functional problems. Candidate interventions could be used to augment evidence-based treatments by the multi-professional mental health team. A scoping review was performed to identify any intervention with at least one peer-reviewed report of clinical improvement in any of the 13 functional domains of the Cognitive Assessment Instrument of Obsessions and Compulsions (CAIOC-13). Next, an online survey of experts of the International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders was conducted. Forty-four studies were identified reporting a positive outcome for 27 different kinds of intervention. selleck inhibitor Twenty-six experts from 12 different countries, including at least one expert from each continent, completed the opinion survey. Five interventions were identified as 'highly promders (ICOCS) was conducted and identified five interventions as "highly promising" candidate treatments for functional-cognitive problems in OCD.Randomised controlled trials are needed to determine the clinical effectiveness of these interventions.Introduction Targeting immune checkpoints with antibodies has significantly improved the outcome of cancer patients, but only few patients have long-term benefits from currently used PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors. New approaches are needed to increase the number of patients going into long-term remission after cancer immunotherapy. Glyco-immune checkpoints are new targets for cancer immunotherapy. They are defined as immune-modulatory pathways including interactions of glycans with glycan-binding proteins or lectins. The most prominent pathway is the sialoglycan-Siglec axis and inhibitors of this axis are already successfully tested in early clinical trials.Area covered Here, we summarize the current knowledge on glyco-immune checkpoints with a focus on the sialoglycan-Siglec axis. We also provide an overview on current approaches to clinically target glyco-immune checkpoints and give an outlook for the further clinical development of glyco-immune checkpoint targeting agents.Expert opinion Glyco-immune checkpoints are interesting new targets to improve cancer immunotherapy. Antibodies targeting the sialoglycan-Siglec axis are already in clinical development. Other approaches with higher risk of toxicity including tumor-targeted sialidases are in late stage pre-clinical development. Despite the challenges, targeting of glyco-immune checkpoints could lead to the development of a new class of drugs providing improved anti-cancer immunity and eventually benefit cancer patients. To identify presence and nature of Third-Party Disability experienced by Significant Others (SOs) of people with ongoing vestibular symptoms using the World Health Organisation International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (WHO-ICF) framework. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed by mapping transcripts to the WHO-ICF framework. Ten SOs of people with ongoing vestibular symptoms were interviewed. Maximum variation sampling was used. Data mapped to 5 codes in the body functions component of the ICF, highlighting psychological impact on the SO and a broad range of negative emotions; 28 codes in the activities and participations component, showing impaired ability across several areas of the SO's life including social life, communication, general tasks and maintaining domestic balance; and 19 codes in the environmental factors component, highlighting the importance of supportive relationships and functioning health systems. Third-Party Disability was identified, including psychological impacts on the SO, interruption to their daily lives and increased domestic responsibility.