The removal efficiencies of the copper and zinc ions were 81.67% and 100%, respectively. The degradation of cyanide followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) results showed that the generally irregular surface of the catalyst with a high SiO2/Al2O3 ratio contains more nano-TiO2. The adsorption capacities of copper and zinc were relatively high. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggested that cyanide was eventually degraded to CO2 and NO3-. Copper and zinc were removed in the form of Cu(II) and Zn(II).An assessment of cytogenetic effects in crested hairgrass (Koeleria gracilis Pers.) populations was carried out within the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site (Kazakhstan) where combat radioactive substances were tested in 1953-1957. Current levels of radioactive contamination within this site are varied by orders of magnitude, while soil characteristics and heavy metal pollution are similar. The main contribution to the absorbed by plants doses at this site was caused by incorporated 90Sr. Ilomastat concentration The frequency of cytogenetic alterations in crested hairgrass was investigated in a wide range of doses (10-4-13 Gy/growing season) at 100 sampling points. For the first time in the field conditions the shape of the cytogenetic effects - dose rate relationship was evaluated with acceptable accuracy and found to be nonlinear. The frequency of aberrant cells remained practically unchanged up to 49 µGy/h. Exceeding the threshold dose rate lead to a steep increase in the aberrant cells frequency from less than 2% up to 16%. The main contribution to the cytogenetic effects was made by double bridges and fragments. Breakpoints for other types of cytogenetic alterations were also evaluated (7 µGy/h for single fragments and bridges; 74 for double fragments and bridges; 81 for mitotic abnormalities).Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is one of the key host phases of Cr(VI) in the natural environment and chromite ore processing residue (COPR), causing serious pollution by Cr(VI). Therefore, efficient extraction or immobilization of the incorporated Cr(VI) in LDH is urgently needed. In this work, simultaneous separation and immobilization of Cr(VI) in LDH by using MgCl2·6H2O under thermal treatment is innovatively proposed. Cr was volatilized as CrCl3 and was immobilized as MgCr2O4 accounted for 62.2% and 37.8%, respectively, under the optimal condition (the mole ratio of Cl/Cr is 9, 700 °C and 120 min). The underlying reaction mechanisms are as follows (i) HCl produced by MgCl2·6H2O accelerates the destruction of Cr(VI)-LDH layer structure, completely exposing the incorporated Cr(VI), (ii) Cr(VI) is reduced to Cr(III) by Cl-, part of which is directly immobilized as MgCr2O4, and the other part generates CrCl3, which is volatilized or further combined with Mg2+ to form MgCr2O4. The total Cr leaching concentration of the practical COPR sample treated by this method dramatically decreases from 421 to 0.7 mg/L, well below the landfill standard limit (4.5 mg/L). This work provides an attainable strategy for thorough remediation of COPR and inspires the treatment of heavy metal-containing LDH.Bioleaching is promising to meet the demand of strategic vanadium both economically and environmentally. Whereas the combination of bioleaching with traditional techniques is of great interest, little is known on bioleaching of vanadium from abundant vanadium-bearing resources utilized/produced in existing processes. This study investigated the bioleaching of vanadium from vanadium-titanium magnetite, steel slag, and clinker, which are common raw mineral and intermediates used in conventional vanadium extraction process. Clinker had greater leachability by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, compared to vanadium-titanium magnetite and steel slag. Pulp density, inoculum volume, initial pH and initial Fe2+ concentration had influencing effects on this bioleaching process. Under optimal condition with 3% pulp density, 10% inoculum volume, initial pH at 1.8, and 3 g/L initial Fe2+ concentration, the bioleaching of clinker achieved the maximum vanadium leaching efficiency of 59.0%. Both X-ray fluorescence and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis confirmed the reduction of vanadium content in the solid residues after leaching. The results of Community Bureau of Reference sequential extraction suggested that vanadium in acid-soluble and oxidizable phase was more easily leachable. This study is helpful to develop sustainable and practical techniques for vanadium extraction from abundant raw materials and step forward in combining bioleaching with traditional process.Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have attracted mounting attention due to their potential harmful effects and degradation-resistant property. This study continuously monitored the concentration of PFASs for four seasons in two years in the northwest of Tai Lake Basin. The occurrence, spatiotemporal distribution, seasonal and annual variation, and source apportionment of 13 PFASs were investigated in 60 surface water sampling sites and 33 emission sources. The average concentrations of the total PFASs were 205.6 ng L-1 and 171.9 ng L-1 in 2018 and 2019, respectively. This improvement could be mainly attributed to the local industrial restructuring. Furthermore, principal component analysis and heat map-hierarchical cluster analysis were employed to analyze distribution characteristics and the possible sources of PFASs pollution. It showed that perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOA) mainly originated from the effluents of chemical plants, while the potential source of perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) included all the three types of emission sources. Besides, two indicators were adopted to evaluate the impact of non-point sources and the result showed the effect of runoff was obvious while the effect of atmospheric deposition was weak. A systematic mass balance calculation showed that the total riverine input flux from Wujin District to Tai Lake was 126.5 kg/a.Electrochemically activated persulfate (PS) employing stainless steel (SS), carbon felt (CF) and carbon black modified CF (CB-CF) as the cathode, in the divided and undivided cell, respectively, for degradation of atrazine (ATZ) was first investigated using novel B, Co-doped TiO2 nanotubes (B, Co-TNT) anode. In undivided cell, ATZ degradation was followed the order of CF less then CB-CF less then SS. The main radical for ATZ removal in SS and CF system was •OH, while on CB-CF cathode, it was the comprehensive contribution of •OH and SO4•-. •OH in SS system was more inclined to free •OH, while in CF and CB-CF systems it was more likely to be surface •OH. In divided anode cell, •OH was responsible for ATZ degradation in all three cathodes system. However, in divided cathode cell, •OH played a major role for ATZ degradation in SS cathode system. In CF and CB-CF cathode systems, the ATZ degradation was the comprehensive effect of •OH and SO4•- with the contribution of •OH and SO4•- was 91.7%, 8.3%, and 96.3%, 3.6%, respectively.