In older patients, the cumulative incidence of discontinuation by medical oncologists was significantly lower than that by surgeons. Medical oncologists ensured that older patients continued S-1 by frequent suspension or a delay in each course. CONCLUSIONS Medical oncologists may facilitate completion of adjuvant S-1 monotherapy.A lobular capillary hemangioma, previously known as a pyogenic granuloma, is a benign vascular lesion of the skin or mucous membrane. We report a case of capillary hemangioma of lobular subtype in the calvarium of a 28-year-old pregnant woman which presented as a sore and rapidly growing bulge over the left fronto-parietal region. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and skull showed an expansive tumor with brain displacement, skull erosion, and scalp infiltration. The tumor was surgically removed, and histopathological examination showed a capillary hemangioma of lobular subtype. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a lobular capillary hemangioma in the calvarium, and it represents a rarity to be considered among the many other differential diagnoses for neurosurgical lesions involving the skull, especially in pregnant women.The original version of this article, published on 02 March 2020, unfortunately contained an error on "Fig. 3 Prevalence of Vitamin D Levels by NUTSII."PURPOSE A systematic review, to study treatment effects for osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) in the elderly including all available evidence from controlled trials on percutaneous cement augmentation. METHODS Primary studies, published up to December, 2019, were searched in PubMed and the Cochrane Library. Selected were all prospective controlled studies including patients > 65 years of age and reporting on at least one main outcome. Main outcomes were pain, disability and quality of life (QOL) 1 day post-intervention and at 6 months postoperatively. Excluded were meta-analyses or reviews, retrospective or non-controlled studies, case studies, patients' groups with neoplastic and/or traumatic fractures and/or neurologically compromised patients. RESULTS Eighteen studies comprising 2165 patients (n = 1117 percutaneous cement augmentation, n = 800 conservative treatment (CT), n = 248 placebo) with a mean follow-up of up to 12 months were included. Pooled results showed significant pain relief in favor of percutaneous cement augmentation compared to CT, direct postoperative and at 6 months follow-up. At 6 months, a significant difference was observed for functional disability scores in favor of percutaneous cement augmentation. When comparing percutaneous cement augmentation to placebo, no significant differences were observed. CONCLUSION This review incorporates all current available evidence (RCTs and non-RCTs) on the efficacy of percutaneous cement augmentation in the treatment of OVFs in the elderly. Despite methodological heterogeneity of the included studies, this review shows overall significant sustained pain relief and superior functional effect in the short- and long term for percutaneous cement augmentation compared to conservative treatment. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.PURPOSE To compare the acute behaviors of pelvic incidence (PI) between elderly adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients with severe and minor sagittal deformity based on SRS-Schwab classification and to identify the mechanism of the variability in PI after long fusion to S1. METHODS Patients aged 60 years or above with available radiographs were included. The following parameters were measured pre- and postoperatively Thoracic kyphosis, thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK), lumbar lordosis (LL), PI, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, sagittal vertical axis (SVA), PI-LL and T1 pelvic angle (TPA). RESULTS Forty-two patients were found with severe sagittal deformity were assigned to Group S, and 60 patients with minor sagittal deformity were assigned to Group M. Immediately after surgery, lumbar curve, TLK and PI-LL were obviously corrected in both groups, while LL, PI, SVA and TPA were significantly increased in Group S alone. gp91dstat PI was significantly increased from 42.6 ± 4.7° to 51.7 ± 6.0° in Group S (P = 0.002), but changed from 45.4 ± 10.2° to 46.3 ± 10.3° in Group M without statistical significance. Pearson correlation analysis showed changes in PI was significantly correlated with changes in SVA (r = 0.415, P = 0.011) in patients with PI increased more than 5°. CONCLUSION PI spontaneously increases in elderly ASD patients with severe sagittal deformity after long fusion to sacrum, while is relative invariable in those with minor sagittal deformity. Variation in PI could be considered as a secondary change compensating for the spinal sagittal malalignment under long spinal fusion in elderly patients.PURPOSE There is insufficient information regarding axial plane characteristics of scoliosis despite its 3D nature. The posterior-anterior vertebral vector (VV) has been proposed to characterize the axial plane appearances of the thoracic scoliosis. This study aimed to highlight the importance of knowledge of axial plane features when determining fusion levels and correction techniques of thoracic curves. METHODS Altogether, 233 thoracic curves were analyzed using the VV after proving its usability instead of 3D angles to determine axial plane parameters such as apical vertebral (APV) axial rotations, APV lateral displacement, and intervertebral rotations (IVR). K-means clustering and regression analysis were used to identify axial plane curve patterns and determine the relationship between the coronal angles and axial plane characteristics, respectively. RESULTS A close correlation was found between 3D angles and VV projected angles. Eight axial plane clusters were distinct, exhibiting different lateral APV displacement toward the interacetabular axis with relatively small axial rotations and a simultaneous decrease in sagittal curves. The regression analysis showed that the correlation of coronal curve magnitude was significantly stronger (r = 0.78) with APV lateral translation than with APV axial rotation (r = 0.65). CONCLUSION Based on these findings, the primary goal of scoliosis correction should focus on minimizing lateral translation rather than eliminating axial rotation. Knowing the IVR in the axial plane helps accurately determine the limits of the structural curves. VV-based axial views can facilitate the accurate determination of the end vertebrae and selection of the appropriate correction technique of the curve. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.