Among the analytes, the resolution (Rs) of amlodipine (AML) reached up to 15.65, which is to our knowledge the highest value ever reported in CE studies for this compound (except for using molecularly imprinted polymers technique). Novel nucleoside analogues named "triazoxins" were synthesized. Of these, two analogues were found to be highly effective against Giardia lamblia, an intestinal parasite and a major cause of waterborne infection, worldwide. While compound 7 reduced the growth of trophozoites in culture (IC50, ~5 μM), compound 21 blocked the in vitro cyst production (IC50 ~5 μM). Compound 21 was also effective against trophozoites (IC50, ~36 μM). A third analogue (compound 8) was effective against both trophozoites (IC50, ~36 μM) and cysts (IC50, ~20 μM) although at higher concentration. Thus triazoxin analogues are unique and exhibit morphology (i.e., trohozoites or cysts) -specific effects against Giardia. Pneumococcal meningitis in the African meningitis belt is primarily caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1, a serotype contained in the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). In 2014, Niger introduced PCV13 with doses given at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. We leveraged existing meningitis surveillance data to describe pneumococcal meningitis trends in Niger. As a national reference laboratory for meningitis, Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire (CERMES) receives cerebrospinal fluid specimens from suspected bacterial meningitis cases and performs confirmatory testing for an etiology by culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Specimens with S. pneumoniae detection during 2010-2018 were sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for serotyping by sequential triplex real-time PCR. Specimens that were non-typeable by real-time PCR underwent serotyping by conventional multiplex PCR. We tested differences in the distribution of pneumococcal serotypes before (2010-2012) and after blished by Elsevier Ltd.PURPOSE To implement a more efficient standardized computed tomography (CT) protocoling system for emergency department (ED) patients in order to improve resident work satisfaction and wellness, and decrease lag time between ordering and protocoling a study. METHODS AND MATERIALS Residents recorded lag times between time of order and time of protocol for 176 CT scans between November 2018 and January 2019. Pre- and postintervention resident surveys of 7 questions utilizing a 5-point Likert scale were used to assess the perceived efficiency and overall satisfaction with the protocolling system. CT technologists received a 2-step Standardized ED CT Protocoling Guidance Sheet for common indications and would consult the radiologist for any questions. RESULTS Lag time between order and protocol averaged 17.8 minutes. Postintervention surveys demonstrated that residents were more satisfied with the new system (100% vs 6.1%), had an overall higher job satisfaction in the ED (91% vs 12.1%), thought the system was more efficient for a single study (100% vs 15.2%) and for an entire shift (100% vs 6.1%), volume of studies was maximized (91% vs 6.1%), and the workflow allowed residents to focus on interpreting studies and communicating findings (91% vs 3%). CONCLUSION The implementation of an auto-protocolling system at our institution's ED took a system which was disruptive, inefficient, and unreliable, and eliminated both lag time and variation in time between ordering and protocoling, improving time to final report. It simultaneously decreased interruptions, allowing residents to focus on study interpretation, which increased resident work satisfaction, wellness, and educational benefit. The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) has created a deadly pandemic that is now significantly impacting the United States. Otolaryngologists are considered high risk for contracting disease, as the virus resides in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, and oropharynx. While valuable work has been publicized regarding several topics in Rhinology, we discuss other aspects of our specialty in further detail. There are several issues regarding Rhinologic practice that need to be clarified both for the current epidemic as well as for future expected "waves." In addition, as the pandemic dies down, guidelines are needed to optimize safe practices as we start seeing more patients again. These include protocols pertinent to safety, in-office Rhinologic procedures, the substitution of imaging for endoscopy, and understanding the appropriate role of telemedicine. We discuss these aspects of Rhinology as well as practical concerns relating to telemedicine and billing, as these issues take on increasing importance for Rhinologists both in the present and the future. BACKGROUND To compare the clinical outcomes of patients with benign or aggressive tumors of the femoral neck who underwent surgical curettage with the use of the direct anterior approach (DAA) and a standard lateral approach. METHODS Those patients from 2010 to 2017 were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups group A, consisting of patients who had undergone surgery via the lateral approach; and group B, consisting of patients who had undergone the same procedure via the DAA. RESULTS Fifty-eight patients were divided into group A (n = 46) and group B (n = 12). The median follow-up was 43 months (15-97 months). There was no significant difference in the 1-year and 3-year recurrence rates (p = 0.74). Group B had comparable operation time and a significantly shorter incision length, less intraoperative blood loss, less postoperative drainage, a shorter hospital stay and less pain on the first postoperative day. Group B also had better hip function as assessed by the Harris Hip Score one month and one year postoperatively. One patient in group B experienced intraoperative incomplete fracture of the femoral neck, which was treated conservatively. CONCLUSIONS Surgical curettage for patients with benign or aggressive tumors of the femoral neck via the DAA had a comparable local control rate and a better perioperative and functional outcome than via the lateral approach. selleck inhibitor Certain quality of the femoral neck should be required to avoid pathological fracture, which is difficult to treat by internal fixation in the DAA.