The analysis did not support claims that the permissive approach resulted in reduced consumption of alcohol, and this demonstrates the need to balance self-determination with the risk of harm. Residents' general appreciation of their facility colored their views on alcohol and drug policies, which shows how important it is to provide residents with positive conditions and experiences so that they can balance the rules that make the facilities tolerable places to live.Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) entrapment in third molar (M3) roots bears a significant risk for nerve injury. The aim of this study was to identify specific panoramic radiographic (PR) signs that can reliably identify IAN entrapment (IANE) root conformations. In a retrospective case-control study, 10 IANE and 218 non-IANE third molar risk cases were examined by PR and CBCT. The collected data included "classic" specific high-risk panoramic signs, number of M3 roots, extent of inferior alveolar canal (IAC)-root tip overlap, rotated position of M3 and impaction pattern. After bivariate analysis, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, positive likelihood ratios (LR+) and accuracy (area under the curve [AUC]) were calculated for the most significant predictive variables. Interruption of both cortical lines (LR+ 43.6; AUC 96.0%) and upward diversion of the IAC (LR+ 36.3; AUC 96.5%) were the most accurate single signs indicating IANE. Upward diversion combined with root darkening and interruption of the IAC (AUC 97.4%) and the combination of darkening with interruption and with a rotated M3 (LR+130.8; AUC 97.8%) were the most accurate combinations predicting IANE. IANE may be correctly filtered with PR when focusing on the signs of upward diversion, darkening, interruption and rotated M3 position, especially in cases involving their multiple (≥3) presence. CBCT evaluation is highly recommended in these cases before partial and total tooth removals. The purpose of this study was to compare the metabolism of Streptococcus mutans biofilms after 1-7days of growth on different orthodontic adhesives. Specimens of 6 commercial orthodontic adhesives were fabricated in custom-made molds and polymerized using a light-emitting diode light-curing unit. Bioluminescent S mutans (UA159JM10) biofilms were grown on ultraviolet-sterilized specimens for 1, 3, 5, and 7days (n=18 biofilms/d/product) in anaerobic conditions at 37°C. The metabolism of biofilms (relative luminescence unit [RLU]) was measured 0, 2, 4, and 6minutes after exposure to D-luciferin solution using a microplate reader. A linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze the logarithm of RLU (log RLU). The model included fixed effects of products, days, and minutes. Tukey-Kramer post-hoc tests were then performed on the significant predictors of log RLU (α=0.05). Days (P<0.0001) and minutes (P<0.0001) were independent predictors of log RLU, but the products were not (P=0.5869). After adjusting for minutes, the log RLU was analyzed with a post-hoc test, and all differences between days were significant with the exceptions of day 3 from day 5 (P=0.0731) and day 5 from day 7 (P=0.8802). After adjusting for day, log RLU was analyzed with a post-hoc test and all differences in minutes were significant. No significant differences in the metabolism of S mutans biofilms were observed among the 6 orthodontic adhesives. Biofilms that were grown for 3days demonstrated the highest levels of biofilm metabolism as evidenced by higher mean log RLU values relative to 1, 5, and 7-day growth durations.No significant differences in the metabolism of S mutans biofilms were observed among the 6 orthodontic adhesives. Biofilms that were grown for 3 days demonstrated the highest levels of biofilm metabolism as evidenced by higher mean log RLU values relative to 1, 5, and 7-day growth durations. The purpose of this study was to describe the holistic impacts of COVID-19 on pediatric advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs). AA convenience sample of APRNs affiliated with the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners participated in this cross-sectional descriptive study. An investigator-developed survey explored multifocal, holistic impacts of COVID-19. A total of 886 participants were provided the survey, with 796 (90%) completing the entire survey. Respondents indicated adverse impacts across personal, clinical, educational, and research foci. Among the most alarming findings, 34% indicated moderate or extreme concern for feeling professionally burned out, 25% feeling nervous or anxious, and 15% feeling depressed or hopeless. The pediatricAPRN workforce pipeline is at significant risk for provider burnout and compromised mental health. Acknowledgment of pandemic-related trauma on families, children and APRNs is essential. Sustained intentional efforts to cultivate holistic wellness are critically emergent.The pediatricAPRN workforce pipeline is at significant risk for provider burnout and compromised mental health. Acknowledgment of pandemic-related trauma on families, children and APRNs is essential. Sustained intentional efforts to cultivate holistic wellness are critically emergent. The Akin osteotomy is widely used to correct the hallux valgus and different fixation techniques have been proposed. Currently most of these procedures coexist, with disagreement on which offers the best results. The aim of this study is to compare the radiological outcome of the original Akin's technique with one in which a staple was used to stabilize the osteotomy. We also assessed whether other factors unrelated to the osteosynthesis could influence the radiological outcome. We retrospectively reviewed data from 118 patients who underwent a scarf and Akin osteotomy. In 60 patients the Akin osteotomy was fixed with a staple and in 58 cases no staple was used. Akt inhibition Hallux valgus angle (HVA), distal articular set angle (DASA), interphalangeal angle (IPA) and tibial sesamoid position were measured. The presence of lateral cortex disruption of the phalanx was also included in the analysis. Six variables significantly influenced the radiological results of the Akin osteotomy preoperative HVA, IPA and tibial sesamoid position, laterality, postoperative cortical disruption and use of a staple.