The quality of life score was lower if the respondent had long-term consequences. DISCUSSION A high incidence of long-term consequences is found in survivors of critical illness. In future, studies that investigate interventions to prevent these issues after ICU care are need.BACKGROUND Syringomyelia and Chiari Syndrome are classified as rare diseases, but current known occurrence in Europe is missing. P7C3 The increased ability to diagnose these pathologies by magnetic resonance imaging and its widespread availability has led to an increase of reported cases, often asymptomatic, with the need to standardize definitions, diagnostic criteria and treatments. AIMS We present shared Interregional Recommendations developed with the primary aim to estimate Syringomyelia and Chiari Syndrome prevalence and incidence in North Western Italy, with special reference to symptomatic forms. METHODS An agreement for the standardization of definitions, classifications, diagnostic criteria and surgical Recommendations was reached by the multidisciplinary Interregional Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Chiari-Syringomyelia Consortium (Delphi method); next, in 2011 a census for Syringomyelia and Chiari Malformation was performed through the Interregional Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Rare Disease Registry, integrated by a dedicated form in order to estimate prevalence and incidence. RESULTS 436 patients, 292 females, met shared interregional diagnostic criteria. Syringomyelia prevalence was estimated in 4.84100 000; Chiari Malformation prevalence was 7.74100 000; incidence was 0.82100 000 and 3.08100 000 respectively. Demographics, neuroradiological parameters and aetiology were reported (in symptomatic and asymptomatic forms). Finally, symptoms and signs, familiar and natural history were analyzed. CONCLUSIONS First Italian epidemiological data (prevalence, incidence) on Chiari and syringomyelia was collected, according to shared diagnostic Recommendations. Future perspectives include the adoption of these Recommendations at national level to standardize the access to diagnosis and care process and promote multicenter clinical trials.OBJECTIVE To summarize the evidence in the literature about rehabilitative treatments that reduce low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) symptoms in patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer. METHODS We have search in PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health and Scopus databases. Studies selected were limited to those including only patient undergone low rectal resection with sphincter preservation and with pre-post assessment with a LARS score. Five articles fit the criteria. RESULTS The percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation demonstrated moderate results and sacral nerve stimulation was found to be the best treatment with greater symptom improvement. Only one study considered sexual and urinary problems in the outcomes assessment. CONCLUSIONS In clinical practice patients should evaluate with the LARS and other score for evaluation of urinary and sexual problems. Future research must be implemented with higher quality studies to identify the least invasive and most effective treatment/s.BACKGROUND In Italy, out of 60 millions of inhabitants, 3000 (2700-4000) new HIV infections are estimated each year. As combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) prolongs life for HIV sufferers, the prevalence of HIV-infection is likely to increase over time. Few studies have assessed factors associated with being HIV positive in people accessing public outpatient clinics and, in particular, the influence of socio-economic circumstances on HIV prevalence. This study aims to evaluate the association between subjects' serostatus and socio-economic determinants measured at the individual and neighbourhood levels. METHODS Data from a large anonymous survey performed in 2012-2014 on more than 10 000 individuals 18-59 years old who underwent 21 public ambulatories in Rome were analysed. Subjects' socio-demographic characteristics, sexual orientation, number of sexual partners, HIV risk behaviour and HIV testing uptake were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Level of area deprivation was measured at the postal code level by the index of social disadvantage (ISD). Multilevel Poisson regressions were carried out to take heterogeneity between clusters (post code and clinics) into account. RESULTS Self-reported HIV-prevalence was 2.0% among subjects ever been tested (13.7% for the homosexual/lesbians 7.0% for the bisexual and 1.3% for the heterosexual). About 1% of subjects self-identified as low risk was HIV infected. This prevalence increased up to 2% in the age group 18-34 and up to 5% in the non-heterosexuals (i.e. self- identified homosexuals/lesbians and bisexuals). At the individual level, HIV-prevalence decreased linearly from lowest to highest levels of education. Living in a deprived neighbourhood was not associated with HIV-infection. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms high HIV prevalences among homosexuals/lesbians. Some infections occur in subjects who do not report high risk behaviours for HIV transmission.BACKGROUND It is estimated that, in Italy, 12 000-18 000 (11-13% of 130 000) HIV-infected subjects are not aware of their serostatus. People in this condition may visit the healthcare system multiple times without being diagnosed. If tested on one of these occasions, they could modify their high-risk behaviours and benefit from treatment, factors that reduce HIV transmission. In Italy, no data on HIV testing in the general population are available so far and little is known on the relationship between socioeconomic determinants (at individual and neighbourhood levels) and testing uptake. METHODS A large anonymous survey was performed in 2012-2014 on more than 10 000 individuals 18-59 years old who underwent 21 public ambulatories in Rome to determine the proportion of subjects tested for HIV and factors related to testing uptake. Subjects' socio-demographic characteristics, sexual orientation, number of sexual partners, HIV risk behaviour, HIV testing uptake were collected by a self-administered questionnaire.