ium in neonates. Hypothermia in neonates might cause the reduction in blood calcium levels. The urinary calcium level measured by the intelligent urine test system is positively correlated with the blood level of ionized calcium.Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy can increase the blood levels of total calcium and ionized calcium in neonates, and calcium supplementation alone cannot increase the blood levels of total calcium or ionized calcium in neonates. Hypothermia in neonates might cause the reduction in blood calcium levels. The urinary calcium level measured by the intelligent urine test system is positively correlated with the blood level of ionized calcium. To investigate the incidence rate and risk factors for metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP) in very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) infants. The medical data of 61 786 neonates from multiple centers of China between September 1, 2013 and August 31, 2016 were retrospectively investigated, including 504 VLBW/ELBW preterm infants who met the inclusion criteria. Among the 504 infants, 108 infants diagnosed with MBDP were enrolled as the MBDP group and the remaining 396 infants were enrolled as the non-MBDP group. The two groups were compared in terms of general information of mothers and preterm infants, major diseases during hospitalization, nutritional support strategies, and other treatment conditions. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for MBDP. The incidence rate of MBDP was 19.4% (88/452) in VLBW preterm infants and 38.5% (20/52) in ELBW preterm infants. The incidence rate of MBDP was 21.7% in preterm infants with a ge measures for preterm infants. To study the association between maternal reduced folate carrier ( ) gene polymorphisms and congenital heart disease (CHD) in offspring. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted. AGI-6780 mouse The mothers of 683 infants with CHD who attended the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hunan Children's Hospital, from November 2017 to March 2020 were enrolled as the case group. The mothers of 740 healthy infants without any deformity who attended the hospital during the same period of time were enrolled as the control group. A questionnaire survey was performed to collect the exposure data of subjects. Venous blood samples of 5 mL were collected from the mothers for genetic polymorphism detection. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of gene polymorphisms and their haplotypes with CHD. A generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction method was used to analyze gene-gene interactions. After control for confounding factors, the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that maternal gene polymorphisms at rs2236484 (AG AA =1.91, 95% 1.45-2.51; GG AA =1.96, 95% 1.40-2.75) and rs2330183 (CT CC =1.39, 95% 1.06-1.83) were significantly associated with the risk of CHD in offspring. The haplotypes of G-G ( =1.21, 95% 1.03-1.41) and T-G ( =1.25, 95% 1.07-1.46) in mothers significantly increased the risk of CHD in offspring. The interaction analysis showed significant gene-gene interactions between different SNPs of the gene in CHD ( < 0.05). Maternal gene polymorphisms and interactions between different SNPs are significantly associated with the risk of CHD in offspring.Maternal RFC gene polymorphisms and interactions between different SNPs are significantly associated with the risk of CHD in offspring.In the early phases of the SARS coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, testing focused on individuals fitting a strict case definition involving a limited set of symptoms together with an identified epidemiological risk, such as contact with an infected individual or travel to a high-risk area. To assess whether this impaired our ability to detect and control early introductions of the virus into the UK, we PCR-tested archival specimens collected on admission to a large UK teaching hospital who retrospectively were identified as having a clinical presentation compatible with COVID-19. In addition, we screened available archival specimens submitted for respiratory virus diagnosis, and dating back to early January 2020, for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Our data provides evidence for widespread community circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in early February 2020 and into March that was undetected at the time due to restrictive case definitions informing testing policy. Genome sequence data showed that many of these early cases were infected with a distinct lineage of the virus. Sequences obtained from the first officially recorded case in Nottinghamshire - a traveller returning from Daegu, South Korea - also clustered with these early UK sequences suggesting acquisition of the virus occurred in the UK and not Daegu. Analysis of a larger sample of sequences obtained in the Nottinghamshire area revealed multiple viral introductions, mainly in late February and through March. These data highlight the importance of timely and extensive community testing to prevent future widespread transmission of the virus. Globally, increasing life expectancy has escalated demands on psychiatric services caring for a later life population. It is recognised that those with enduring mental illness may have specific needs with advancing age. In this study, we describe the characteristics of a population aged over 60 years attending a general adult community psychiatric service and compare demographic and clinical features across age and diagnostic categories. The study aims to gather preliminary information which may guide future local mental health service planning. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study using retrospective chart review of all patients aged over 60 years attending four community mental health teams in North Dublin. Cohorts of attenders were stratified by age comparing 60-64 year age group with the population aged 65 years and over. Attenders were also stratified by diagnosis and regression analysis was used to determine predictors of psychotic disorder diagnosis. The study included 127 patients.