Adiabatic pumping is characterized by a geometric contribution to the pumped charge, which can be nonzero even in the absence of a bias. However, as the driving speed is increased, nonadiabatic excitations gradually reduce the pumped charge, thereby limiting the maximal applicable driving frequencies. To circumvent this problem, we here extend the concept of shortcuts to adiabaticity to construct a control protocol which enables geometric pumping well beyond the adiabatic regime. Our protocol allows for an increase, by more than an order of magnitude, in the driving frequencies, and the method is also robust against moderate fluctuations of the control field. We provide a geometric interpretation of the control protocol and analyze the thermodynamic cost of implementing it. Our findings can be realized using current technology and potentially enable fast pumping of charge or heat in quantum dots, as well as in other stochastic systems from physics, chemistry, and biology.We study nonadiabatic effects of geometric pumping. With arbitrary choices of periodic control parameters, we go beyond the adiabatic approximation to obtain the exact pumping current. We find that a geometrical interpretation for the nontrivial part of the current is possible even in the nonadiabatic regime. The exact result allows us to find a smooth connection between the adiabatic Berry phase theory at low frequencies and the Floquet theory at high frequencies. We also study how to control the geometric current. Using the method of shortcuts to adiabaticity with the aid of an assisting field, we illustrate that it enhances the current.Nematicity is ubiquitous in electronic phases of high-T_c superconductors, particularly in the Fe-based systems. We used inelastic x-ray scattering to extract the temperature-dependent nematic correlation length ξ from the anomalous softening of acoustic phonon modes in FeSe, underdoped Ba(Fe_0.97Co_0.03)_2As_2, and optimally doped Ba(Fe_0.94Co_0.06)_2As_2. In all cases, we find that ξ is well described by a power law (T-T_0)^-1/2 extending over a wide temperature range. Combined with the previously reported Curie-Weiss behavior of the nematic susceptibility, these results point to the mean-field character of the nematic transition, which we attribute to a sizable nematoelastic coupling that is likely detrimental to superconductivity.A Doppler shifted resonance minority species ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) scheme for heating neutral beam ions has been identified and optimized for the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator. Compared with more conventional methods, the synergetic scheme increases the normalized core collisional power transfer to the background plasma, and induces larger concentrations of energetic ions. Simulations in the intricate 3D magnetic stellarator geometry reveal an energetic distribution function that is only weakly anisotropic, and is thus relevant to fast ion and alpha particle driven Alfvén eigenmode experimental preparation. Quasilinear theory and simulations of the Joint European Torus indicate that the excellent confinement properties are due to increased velocity diffusion from ICRF interaction along the magnetic field lines. Agreement is found between SCENIC simulations and Joint European Torus experimental measurements for the total neutron rate and the energy distribution of the fast ions.Microscopic corrugations are ubiquitous in graphene even when placed on atomically flat substrates. These result in random local strain fluctuations limiting the carrier mobility of high quality hBN-supported graphene devices. We present transport measurements in hBN-encapsulated devices where such strain fluctuations can be in situ reduced by increasing the average uniaxial strain. When ∼0.2% of uniaxial strain is applied to the graphene, an enhancement of the carrier mobility by ∼35% is observed while the residual doping reduces by ∼39%. We demonstrate a strong correlation between the mobility and the residual doping, from which we conclude that random local strain fluctuations are the dominant source of disorder limiting the mobility in these devices. Our findings are also supported by Raman spectroscopy measurements.We theoretically investigate high-harmonic generation in hexagonal boron nitride with linearly polarized laser pulses. We show that imperfect recollisions between electron-hole pairs in the crystal give rise to an electron-hole-pair polarization energy that leads to a double-peak structure in the subcycle emission profiles. An extended recollision model (ERM) is developed that allows for such imperfect recollisions, as well as effects related to Berry connections, Berry curvatures, and transition-dipole phases. click here The ERM illuminates the distinct spectrotemporal characteristics of harmonics emitted parallel and perpendicularly to the laser polarization direction. Imperfect recollisions are a general phenomenon and a manifestation of the spatially delocalized nature of the real-space wave packet; they arise naturally in systems with large Berry curvatures, or in any system driven by elliptically polarized light.Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is experimentally investigated in Pt/Co/Pt multilayer films under strain. A strong variation (from 0.1 to 0.8  mJ/m^2) of the DMI constant is demonstrated at ±0.1% in-plane uniaxial deformation of the films. The anisotropic strain induces strong DMI anisotropy. The DMI constant perpendicular to the strain direction changes sign, while the constant along the strain direction does not. Estimates show that the DMI can be controlled with an electric field in hybrid ferroelectric-ferromagnetic systems. So, the observed effect opens the way to control the DMI and eventually skyrmions with a voltage via a strain-mediated magnetoelectric coupling.Chiral superconductors exhibit novel transport properties that depend on the topology of the order parameter, topology of the Fermi surface, the spectrum of bulk and edge Fermionic excitations, and the structure of the impurity potential. In the case of electronic heat transport, impurities induce an anomalous (zero-field) thermal Hall conductivity that is easily orders of magnitude larger than the quantized edge contribution. The effect originates from branch-conversion scattering of Bogoliubov quasiparticles by the chiral order parameter, induced by potential scattering. The former transfers angular momentum between the condensate and the excitations that transport heat. The anomalous thermal Hall conductivity is shown to depend to the structure of the electron-impurity potential, as well as the winding number ν of the chiral order parameter Δ(p)=|Δ(p)|e^iνϕ_p[over ^]. The results provide quantitative formulas for interpreting heat transport experiments seeking to identify broken T and P symmetries, as well as the topology of the order parameter for chiral superconductors.