Administration of miR-124 antagomir in hippocampus inhibited miR-124 expression in hippocampus of CUMS rats. Additionally, SPT, OFT, EPM, and FST also showed that miR-124 antagomir can reduce the depression-like behavior of CUMS rats. Furthermore, miR-124 antagomir injection increased the levels of NE, DA and 5-HT in the hypothalamus of CUMS rats. Moreover, miR-124 antagomir injection increased the expression of cyclic AMP-responsive element binding protein1 (CREB1) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus. Using a dual luciferase reporter assay, it was confirmed that miR-124 directly targets the 3'UTR of CREB1 and BDNF genes. CONCLUSION Knockdown of miR-124 can improve depression-like behavior in CUMS-induced depressive rats, which may be related at least in part to the up-regulation of CREB1 and BDNF expression in the hippocampus. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.The interest in biological peptides from Arthrospira sp. (syn Spirulina) is increasing due to its GRAS status, the high concentration of proteins and the history of its use as a supplement and nutraceutical agent. Arthrospira peptides can be generated by controlled hydrolysis of the proteins, using proteases, followed by fractionation. The peptides obtained have a range of therapeutic effects. Amongst these bioactive peptides, three classes are of major importance the antihypertensive (AHP), antimicrobial (AMP) and anticancer (ACP) peptides. AHPs have the ability to work as inhibitors of ACE, the angiotensin-converting enzyme, and help to control several diseases such as hypertension, obesity, and cardiovascular issues. AMPs play a crucial role in the immune response, inhibiting the development of pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and others. ACPs can aid in tumor control by induction of apoptosis, necrosis, or inhibition of the angiogenesis. Thus, bioactive peptides are of great significance to the pharmaceutical industry. However, they can show secondary effects. This paper reviews the inhibition mechanism of antimicrobial, hypertensive and anticancer peptides from Arthrospira sp., and the possible structures of the peptides according to the type of activity and its intensity. In addition, this paper describes the purification methods, absorption mechanisms, and reviews databases for designing peptides. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Corneal neovascularization (CN) is a clue feature of different ocular pathological conditions and can lead to corneal edema and opacification with subsequent vision loss. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays a key role in new vessels formation, proliferation and migration, was found to be up-regulated in these conditions. Nowadays, it is possible to down-regulate the angiogenic process by using anti-VEGF agents administered through different routes. S961 OBJECTIVE To evaluate efficacy, safety and possible future directions of anti-VEGF agents used for the treatment of CN owing to different aetiologies. METHODS A computerized search of articles dealing with the topic of anti-VEGF therapy in CN was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Medline electronic databases. The following key phrases were used anti-VEGF agents, corneal neovascularization, bevacizumab, ranibizumab, vascular endothelial grow factor, angiogenesis. RESULTS The use of anti-VEGF therapy in the treatment of CN reduced pathological vessels density without causing significant side effects. Various administration routes such as topic, subconjunctival and intrastromal ones are available, and the choice depends on patient and disease characteristics. Higher effectiveness is achieved in case of early administration, before mature and well-established vessels take place. In severe or recurrent cases, multiple cycles of anti-VEGF agents can be required in order to obtain and maintain the regression of CN. CONCLUSION The efficacy and safety of anti-VEGF agents support their adoption into the daily clinical practice for the management of CN. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.AIM AND OBJECTIVE In the last decades, cancer has become a major problem in public health all around the globe. Chimeric chemical structures have been established as an important trend on medicinal chemistry in the last years. Thiazacridines are hybrid molecules composed of a thiazolidine and acridine nucleus, both pharmacophores that act on important biological targets for cancer. By the fact it is a serious disease, seven new 3-acridin-9-ylmethyl-thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were synthesized, characterized, analyzed by computer simulation and tested in tumor cells. In order to find out if the compounds have therapeutic potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven new 3-acridin-9-ylmethyl-thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were synthesized through Michael addition and Knoevenagel condensation strategies. Characterization was performed by NMR and Infrared spectroscopy techniques. Regarding biological activity, thiazacridines were tested against solid and hematopoietic tumoral cell lines, namely Jurkat (acute r due the presence of chlorine favored hydrogen bonds with topoisomerase 1. CONCLUSION The 3-(acridin-9-ylmethyl)-5-((10-chloroanthracen-9-yl)methylene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (LPSF/AA-62) presented the most promising results, showing anti-tumor activity in 5 of the 6 cell types tested, especially inhibiting the formation of colonies of prostate tumor cells (DU-145). Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) has recently received significant attention in the most developing countries, such as Iran. Since CDW generation is unavoidable, so development and implementation of an appropriate CDW management is widely recognized as an essential need. Different alternatives in CDW management have been proposed and implemented currently. In this study, a novel framework was established based on the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process approach in order to assess different CDW management alternatives in Tehran, Iran. Proposed alternatives (including landfilling, recycling, reusing, and reduction) were investigated with respect to 16 different individual criteria. The criteria were divided into four different groups, namely environmental, social, technical, economic. A database in this study was established through a questionnaire survey. The relative significance of alternatives with respect to each criterion was assessed. The obtained results revealed that reduction has the highest and landfilling has the lowest priorities.