Compared to the intact condition, slight decreases of the range of motion were found, which were significant for Synex™ in primary flexion/extension (-17%), specifically at T3-T4 level (-46%), primary lateral bending (-18%), and secondary lateral bending during primary axial rotation (-53%). selleck kinase inhibitor Range of motion solely increased at T8-T9 level, while being significant only for Obelisc™ (+35%). Interpretation Personalized 3D printed vertebral body replacement implants provide a promising alternative to standard expandable devices regarding primary stability and three-dimensional motion behavior in the mid-thoracic spine due to the stabilizing effect of the rib cage.Objective Uniportal Endoscopic Posterolateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion provides one of the least invasive form of minmally invasive surgery allowing large size cages which were commercially available for open and tubular microscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion( TLIF) to be inserted through this approach. We studied the effect of such a technique on a series of degenerative scoliosis patients who had low grade degenerative scoliosis. Methods Uniportal Endoscopic Posterolateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion( Endo-TLIF) was applied to patients who had 10-40 degrees of degenerative adult scoliosis. Preoperative and post-operative one week, three months and final follow up clinical status of visual analog scale, oswestery disability index, perioperative complications and MacNab's criteria were collected. Roentgenogram to assess changes in Cobb's angles were done. Results There was statistically significant improvement of preoperative, 1 week post-operative, 3months post-operative and final follow up mean of Visual Analog Scale score with 7.72(5-10), 3.68(3-6), 2.88(2-4) and 1.96 (1- 3) respectively and with Oswestry Disability Index mean of 70.4 (52-86), 35.12 (26-56 ), 27.68( 24-38) and 24 ( 20-28 ) respectively , p less then 0.05. In terms of MacNab's criteria, 100% had good to excellent result. In terms of scoliosis measured by Cobb's angle, there was statistically significant improvement. Conclusion Uniportal Endoscopic Posterolateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion is a safe and effective procedure in mild to moderate degenerative scoliosis with good early clinical results and improvement in coronal Cobb's angle, it can be considered as an option if a short segment(s) fusion is planned for adult degenerative scoliosis.Background The brain is one of the common metastatic sites of lung adenocarcinoma, and the prognosis associated with brain metastasis is not good. We performed a large data analysis to determine the prognostic factors of lung adenocarcinoma with brain metastases (LABM) and to develop a nomogram to predict its prognosis. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 2879 patients with LABM from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. An X-tile analysis provided the optimal age cut-off point. We used univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses to determine the independent prognostic factors of LABM. Finally, we established and validated a nomogram to predict the prognosis of LABM. Results A total of 2879 patients with brain metastases were included in this study. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, race, sex, T stage, N stage, surgery, chemotherapy, bone metastasis, liver metastasis, and marital status were independent prognostic factors. We constructed a nomogram to predict the prognosis of LABM with the RMS package. Through calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic curves and decision curve analyses, we found that the nomogram, which predicted the prognosis of LABM, performed well internally. Conclusions The nomogram is expected to be a precise and personalized tool for predicting the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma with brain metastasis. This nomogram will help clinicians develop more rational and effective treatment strategies.The Irish Association of Physicists in Medicine (IAPM) is an association of medical physicists in Ireland. The IAPM was founded in 2010 with the merger of the Association of Physical Scientists in Medicine (APSM) and the Irish Radiotherapy Physics Group (IRPG). The 10th Annual Scientific Meeting of the IAPM was held in Dublin on 23rd March 2019. This editorial summarises the proceedings of the day including invited speakers, diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy sessions, the Young Investigator Grant, the Early Careers bursary, joint session and poster presentations. A special issue of Physica Medica was dedicated to the event featuring a number of research papers.Of 69 clinical isolates of Finegoldia magna tested, 36% presented high-level MICs of erythromycin (>256 μg/ml), harboring erm(A) (n = 20) or erm(B) (n=5). Of nine isolates exhibiting an inducible resistance phenotype to macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramins B, four (44%) were susceptible with a potential risk of treatment failure due to emergence of resistant mutants.The objectives of this study were to report those variables which are readily identifiable at the bedside and that are able to predict mortality in patients with bacteraemia caused by anaerobes. Patients with clinically significant anaerobic bacteraemias detected between January 2016 and December 2019 in a tertiary hospital in Granada (Spain) were retrospectively included. Species identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS and/or molecular methods. Finally, 136 cases of anaerobic bacteraemia were included, being the most frequent anaerobes Bacteroides (45.5%; n = 62), Clostridium (24.2%, n = 33), and Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (16.1%, n = 22). Crude mortality was 25.7%, corresponding to 35 patients who died, with 82.8% of deaths directly attributable to bacteraemia. A multivariable logistic regression model with non-parametric bootstrap estimation identified three variables that were independently and significantly associated with an increased risk of death 1) hospitalization in the intensive care unit; 2) septic shock; and 3) presence of any kind of cancer. These variables were as recorded at the time that the first positive blood culture was obtained. An index score, obtained from these variables, was calculated and divided patients into two groups with increasing likelihood of mortality resulting from anaerobic bacteraemia. The sensitivity and specificity of a prediction of death based on this model were 65.2% and 97%, respectively.