clinical outcomes after traumatic brachial plexus injury. Patients' expectations influence their decisions to undergo surgery for scoliosis, and fulfillment of expectations is an important patient-centered outcome. In a 2-year cohort study, we compared the proportion of expectations fulfilled based on the number of vertebrae involved in surgery between adult lumbar scoliosis patients and controls with other degenerative conditions. Patients pre-operatively completed a valid lumbar surgery expectations survey addressing expected improvements for symptoms, function, and psychosocial well-being (scores from 0 to 100; higher score indicates more expectations). Two years post-operatively, the patients completed another survey, this one recording how much improvement they actually experienced; fulfillment was defined as a proportion (i.e., received improvement/expected improvement). The range was 0 (none fulfilled) to > 1 (expectations surpassed). We further analyzed data according to the number of vertebrae involved in the surgery. We included 42 scoliosis patled expectations 2 years post-operatively. Our findings support the importance of addressing expectations pre-operatively with all patients, especially those with scoliosis who require surgery to ≥ 3 vertebrae. Development and validation of Veterans RAND 12-item (VR-12) physical component survey (PCS) has been established among civilian and veteran populations but it has not been examined among anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) patients. We sought to validate legacy patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) with VR-12 PCS among patients undergoing ACDF procedures. A prospectively collected surgical registry was retrospectively evaluated for elective single or multi-level ACDFs performed for degenerative spinal pathologies from January 2014 to August 2019. Exclusion criteria included missing pre-operative surveys and surgery for trauma, metastasis, or infection. Demographic variables, baseline pathologies, and peri-operative variables were collected. A paired test evaluated the change from the pre-operative score to each post-operative timepoint for VR-12 PCS, the 12-item Short-Form Survey (SF-12) PCS, Patient-Reported Outcomes MeasurementInformation System physical function (PROMIS-PF), and Nec more recent PROMIS-PF. click here All PROMs demonstrated statistically significant improvement in patients post-operatively. VR-12 PCS is a valid measure of physical function among patients undergoing ACDF. Proximal humerus fractures are among the most common presenting fractures to orthopedic surgeons in the USA. Hypoalbuminemia is accepted as a nutrition marker associated with post-operative complications following common orthopedic interventions. Thus, the authors sought to (1) describe the national demographic trends of patients undergoing surgical fixation for proximal humerus fracture and (2) investigate the association between pre-operative hypoalbuminemia, a malnutrition marker, and post-operative complications within 1year of surgical intervention. The PearlDiver Humana Claims Database was queried to identify a nationally representative cohort of patients who underwent surgical intervention for proximal humerus fractures from 2008 to 2015. Demographic and comorbid characteristics were collected. Pearson's -squared analysis was used to compare rates of 90-day and 1-year outcomes between hypoalbuminemia (albumin ≤ 3.5mg/dL) and control groups. Multivariate logistic regression was then used to deteminemia is associated with an increased risk of complications, specifically pneumonia and sepsis, and total health care costs in patients undergoing surgery for proximal humerus fractures. These findings provide insight for individualized patient care that will aid in evaluating the potential risk of surgical complications in an effort to improve outcomes and reduce costs. The use of regional anesthesia (RA) in pediatric patients remains understudied, although evidence suggests benefits over general anesthesia. We sought to identify factors associated with RA use in patients under the age of 21years undergoing ambulatory orthopedic surgery. Patients under the age of 21 who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair or reconstruction, knee arthroscopy (KA), or shoulder arthroscopy (SA) were identified from the NY Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database (2005-2015). Frequencies of RA use (defined by femoral nerve block, spinal, epidural, caudal, or brachial plexus anesthesia) were calculated. Multivariable regression analysis identified patient- and healthcare system-related factors associated with the use of RA. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. We identified 87,273 patients who underwent the procedures of interest (ACL  = 28,226; SA  = 18,155; KA  = 40,892). In our primary analysis, 14.4% (  = 1404) had RA as their primary anesthetic; this percentage increased for patients who had ACL or KA. When adjusting for covariates, Hispanic ethnicity (OR 0.78; CI 0.65-0.94) and Medicaid insurance (OR 0.75; CI 0.65-0.87) were associated with decreased odds for the provision of RA. Further, we identified increasing age (OR 1.10; CI 1.08-1.11), ACL versus SA (OR 1.91; CI 1.74-2.10), and sports injuries (OR 1.20; CI 1.10-1.31) as factors associated with increased odds of RA use. In this analysis, RA was used in a minority of patients under the age of 21 undergoing ambulatory orthopedic surgery. Older age was associated with increased use while Hispanic ethnicity and lower socioeconomic status were associated with lower use.In this analysis, RA was used in a minority of patients under the age of 21 undergoing ambulatory orthopedic surgery. Older age was associated with increased use while Hispanic ethnicity and lower socioeconomic status were associated with lower use. Thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative condition affecting hand use, is typically evaluated through radiographs and clinical examination. Although this can determine treatment, it is difficult to evaluate functional limitations. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a quantitative ultrasound technique that characterizes tissue stiffness. This pilot study aimed to establish data of the SWE findings in the thenar eminence muscles in patients with first CMC OA and correlate these findings with the clinical tests of hand function. This cross-sectional study correlated the SWE stiffness of thenar eminence muscles to clinical tests of hand function in patients with first CMC OA and in asymptomatic control subjects, using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Mean SWE values of the thenar eminence muscles in patients were compared with those in control subjects. The study was performed in a non-profit tertiary care hospital setting. Patients and control subjects were recruited on a volunteer basis.