65, which proved that IMP affected the taste most. Furthermore, the total nitrogen content was 30.77 g kg , which meant protein degraded a great deal. learn more Based on equivalent umami concentration (EUC) and its TAV, the meat tasted best at 6-8 min. The longer the steaming time, the faster the protein degradation and the more the flavor precursors. The black carp pickled products (with a weight of 20 g, with the size of 3 cm × 3 cm × 2 cm) is suggested to be steamed for 6 to 8 min. This conclusion provides a theoretical basis for its better taste quality. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.The black carp pickled products (with a weight of 20 g, with the size of 3 cm × 3 cm × 2 cm) is suggested to be steamed for 6 to 8 min. This conclusion provides a theoretical basis for its better taste quality. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry. The protein-rich fractions of pulses and pseudocereals exhibit a well-balanced amino acid profile, particularly when combined in different portions, and are therefore high-value ingredients for the production of extruded snacks. However, the impact of a combination of pulses and pseudocereals on the physical and sensory qualities of extruded snacks has not been investigated up to now. Native or preconditioned protein isolates and concentrates from pulses - as single ingredients or in combination with protein-rich flours of pseudocereals - were analyzed regarding their thermal and functional properties in relation to extrusion characteristics. Low moisture extrusion cooking was used to investigate the impact of protein source (lentil, lupin, faba bean), pseudocereal source (quinoa, amaranth, buckwheat) and protein content (30%, 50%, 70%) on sectional expansion, specific hardness, density and sensory properties of the snacks. With increasing protein content from 30% to 50%, the sectional expansion decreasedwith favorable texture and nutritional properties such as increased protein contents (70%) and balanced amino acid profiles. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. Thyroid nodules of indeterminate cytology can be subjected to molecular testing such as the Afirma Genomic Sequencing Classifier (GSC), thereby minimizing the number of unnecessary diagnostic surgeries. This work aimed to evaluate and compare the cost of routine GSC testing of indeterminate thyroid nodules in different countries. The cost of diagnostic hemithyroidectomy of indeterminate thyroid nodules was calculated by performing a Monte Carlo simulation cost analysis on a Markov decision-analytic model and then compared to that of GSC testing in the UK, Australia, USA, and Israel. Assuming that patients are treated by surgical resection and routine GSC testing is performed for all nodules of indeterminate significance, we found the GSC test to be more cost effective compared with diagnostic hemithyroidectomy when malignancy rates of thyroid nodules are less than 22.6%-37.1%, depending on the country where the test is performed. Given the cost of a thyroidectomy in the UK, Australia and Israel, performing routine GSC tests on all Bethesda IV nodules is more expensive than routine diagnostic hemithyroidectomy and becomes cost effective for Bethesda III when the GSC cost is below 3,031-3,087 USD. In comparison, in the USA, higher cost of thyroidectomy makes the GSC test cost effective for Bethesda III nodules at its current cost, but not for Bethesda IV nodules where it becomes cost effective under the price of 3,031 USD. Different molecular testing and surgical costs in different countries should be considered when performing cost analysis. In addition, since different medical centres have different malignancy rates, personalized in-house assessment of cost-effectiveness is warranted.Different molecular testing and surgical costs in different countries should be considered when performing cost analysis. In addition, since different medical centres have different malignancy rates, personalized in-house assessment of cost-effectiveness is warranted.The present study tested the hypothesis that 30 low-intensity (10%) eccentric contractions (10%EC) or two maximal voluntary isometric contractions at a long muscle length (2MVIC) that were performed at two days before maximal eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors consisting of five sets of six maximal eccentric contractions (MaxEC) would reduce increases in biceps brachii distal myotendinous junction displacement (MTJd) over the eccentric contractions during MaxEC. Sedentary young men were randomly placed (n = 12/group) to a control group that performed two bouts of MaxEC (CONT-1st, CONT-2nd) separated by two weeks, or one of two preconditioning groups that performed 10%EC or 2MVIC at 20° elbow flexion at two days prior to MaxEC. All exercises were performed by the non-dominant arm. MTJd of each contraction was assessed by B-mode ultrasound, and its changes over sets were compared among the groups. The average MTJd from the start to the end of six eccentric contractions in the first set was similar among the groups (6.4 ± 0.7 mm). The MTJd increased from the first to fifth set, but the increase was smaller (P less then .05) for the 10%EC (13 ± 6%) and 2MVIC (16 ± 9%) groups, and CONT-2nd (3 ± 6%) when compared with CONT-1st (60 ± 12%). Both 10%EC and 2MVIC groups showed smaller (P less then .05) changes in all muscle damage markers after MaxEC similarly when compared with CONT-1st, but the changes were greater than those after CONT-2nd. These results supported the hypothesis that protective effect was associated with less MTJd changes, suggesting that this is associated with the mechanisms underpinning the preconditioning effect on muscle damage. To understand barriers and facilitators of recovery for critical illness survivors', who are discharged home from the hospital and do not have access to dedicated outpatient care. Multi-site descriptive study guided by interpretive phenomenology using semi-structured interviews. Interviews were conducted between December 2017 -July 2018. Eighteen participants were included. Data were collected from interview recordings, transcripts, field notes, and a retrospective chart review for sample demographics. Analysis was completed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis which provided a unique view of recovery through the survivors' personal experiences and perception of those experiences. Participants encountered several barriers to their recovery; however, they were resilient and initiated ways to overcome these barriers and assist with their recovery. Facilitators of recovery experienced by survivors included seeking support from family and friends, lifestyle adaptations, and creative management of their multiple medical needs.