We study the mobility edges in a variety of one-dimensional tight binding models with slowly varying quasi-periodic disorders. It is found that the quasi-periodic disordered models can be approximated by an ensemble of periodic models. The mobility edges can be determined by the overlaps of the energy bands of these periodic models. We demonstrate that this method provides an efficient way to find out the precise location of mobility edge in quasi-periodic disordered models. Based on this approximate method, we also propose an index to indicate the degree of localization of each eigenstate.Disorders have a rich influence on topological and localized properties. Here, we explore the effects of different type of disorders (intracell and intercell) on the non-Hermitian system. We first exhibit the phase diagram and find that the intracell disorder and intercell disorder can broaden and narrow the topological region, respectively. Moreover, the skin effect, which is unique in the non-Hermitian system, is broken by disorders. Furthermore, we propose the generalized localization length to settle the issue of how to determine the topological phase boundary explicitly in the disordered non-Hermitian system. Significantly, the rationality of this definition can be verified by similarity transformation, in which we prove that the topological invariant remains invariant. Finally, a byproduct of our definition is that one can analytically get the criticality of topology in the clean-limit non-Hermitian system.Voice tremor is a common symptom in the elderly, as well as in patients who have had Parkinson's disease and related disorders, and other neurologic conditions. In this study, we analyzed 26 patients whose essential tremor symptoms involved phonation alone and were treated in our clinic alone as essential voice tremor. Kampo medicine yokukansan was found to be effective in the treatment of essential voice tremor compared with clonazepam. We suggest that yokukansan may be one of the best choices for first-line treatment of essential voice tremor. Adenoids play an important role in the protection of the upper respiratory tract against pathogens. Saracatinib Nonphysiological enlargement of adenoids is defined as adenoid hypertrophy (AH). In treating AH, physicians prefer medical therapy and often disregard adjunctive methods. Studies on the effects of adjunctive methods on adenoid tissue are quite scarce. The current review aims to examine the clinical studies that have investigated adjunctive methods-nasal irrigation, herbal therapy, bacteriotherapy, and halotherapy-used to treat AH and its associated symptoms and to evaluate their effectiveness in pediatric patients. The research team performed a narrative review by searching seven electronic databases (Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Web of Science, EMBASE, Science Citation Index and Elsevier) were used for the literature search. The search used the keywords adenoid hypertrophy, adjunctive treatment, nasal irrigation, herbal medications, bacteriotherapy and halotherapy. This study was took place in Department of Anatomy, Medicine Faculty, Istanbul Medeniyet University. The nasal irrigation with hypertonic solution decreased to size of enlarged adenoid tissue. The bacteriotherapy used with nasal spray and tablet form decreased to surgery rate and adenoid size.The adenoid and/or tonsillar hypertrophy were decreased by halotherapy used with micronized, iodized-salt aerosol. A review of studies on this matter indicates that the studied adjunctive methods can be used safely in the treatment of AH, either separately or in combination with conventional medical treatment. However further clinical studies are needed on this topic.A review of studies on this matter indicates that the studied adjunctive methods can be used safely in the treatment of AH, either separately or in combination with conventional medical treatment. However further clinical studies are needed on this topic. Auricular acupuncture (AA) is a complementary/integrative therapy, and can be used as adjuvant treatment in sleep disorders, anxiety and the painful symptomatology of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness of AA in reducing the symptoms of sleep disorders, anxiety and TMDs by applying the Fletcher and Luckett, Beck-BAI and RDC/TMD questionnaires Axis II, respectively. This was a nonrandomized clinical trial in which AA was administered to patients between the ages of 20 and 45 years from the School of Dentistry at Ribeirão Preto, São Paolo, Brazil, who had at least one of the following sleep disorder, anxiety or TMD. Mustard seeds were applied to predetermined auricular acupoints including Shen Men, neurovegetative system (sympathetic), kidney, anxiety, stomach, maxilla and mandible, liver and stress, once a week for 8 weeks. To analyze the reduction in sleep disorder symptoms, we used the Fletcher and Luckett questionnaire; for anxiety symptoms, the Beck-BAI questionnaire, and for the degree of chronic TMD pain, the RDC/TMD (Axis II) questionnaire. Data on sleep, anxiety and TMD disorders were analyzed via Fisher's exact, Wilcoxon and Chi-Square non-parametric tests (α = 0.05), respectively. Reduction in sleep disorder symptoms after the proposed intervention was verified, showed a statistically significant difference (P = .014). There was a reduction in mean anxiety score and a decrease in painful TMD symptoms, but no significant difference (P = .50; P = .947, respectively) before and after AA. In our study, AA was effective in reducing sleep disorder symptoms and our data suggests some relief of symptoms of anxiety and TMD pain.In our study, AA was effective in reducing sleep disorder symptoms and our data suggests some relief of symptoms of anxiety and TMD pain. Positive psychological interventions like self-efficacy, optimism, resilience, and patient well-being have a great influence on the clinically improved positive outcomes of medically ill individuals. In diabetic individuals, these positive psychological interventions have been linked with improved positive outcomes. In past decades, the importance of psychological support for diabetic individuals has been recognized and psychological counseling for such individuals has been recommended for improved positive outcomes in these individuals. The current study aims to highlight the role of nurse in managing the impact of diabetes and the effect of psychological characteristics, including self-efficacy, resilience, optimism, and the well-being of diabetic patients on the positive outcomes. Research published in recognized journals published between 1970 and 2020 relating to diabetes, psychological nursing, self-efficacy, optimism, resilience, depression, anxiety, stress, and health outcomes were searched via search engines, including SciFinder, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, JSTOR, EBSCO, and PROTA.