Podocyte depletion, low nephron number, aging, and hypertension are associated with glomerulosclerosis and CKD. However, the relationship between podometrics and nephron number has not previously been examined. To investigate podometrics and nephron number in healthy Japanese individuals, a population characterized by a relatively low nephron number, we immunostained single paraffin sections from 30 Japanese living-kidney donors (median age, 57 years) with podocyte-specific markers and analyzed images obtained with confocal microscopy. We used model-based stereology to estimate podometrics, and a combined enhanced-computed tomography/biopsy-specimen stereology method to estimate nephron number. The median number of nonsclerotic nephrons per kidney was 659,000 (interquartile range [IQR], 564,000-825,000). The median podocyte number and podocyte density were 518 (IQR, 428-601) per tuft and 219 (IQR, 180-253) per 10 m , respectively; these values are similar to those previously reported for other raceameters, age, and hypertension in the kidney. This approach might be of considerable value in evaluating the kidney in health and disease. Few therapies prevent venous neointimal hyperplasia (VNH) and venous stenosis (VS) formation in arteriovenous fistulas (AVF). Expression of the immediate early response gene X-1 ( ), also known as is associated with VNH and stenosis in murine AVFs. ZVADFMK The study aimed to determine if local release of long-acting inhibitor 1α,25(OH) D from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles embedded in a thermosensitive Pluronic F127 hydrogel (1,25 NP) could affect VNH/VS formation in a large animal model. Immediately after AVF creation in a porcine model of renal failure, 1,25 NP or vehicle control was injected into the adventitia space of AVF outflow veins. Scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering characterized drug and control nanoparticles. Animals were sacrificed 3 and 28 days later for gene expression, immunohistologic, magnetic resonance imaging and angiography, and ultrasound analyses. Whole transcriptome RNA sequencing with differential gene expression analysis was performed n in inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis in a porcine model of arteriovenous fistula.Medical care received by care home residents can be variable. Initiatives, such as matron-led community teams, ensure a timely response to alerts about unwell residents. But early recognition of deterioration is vital in accessing this help. The aim of this project was to design and deliver an education programme for carers. It was hypothesised that the implementation of a teaching programme may result in improved medical care for residents. By understanding the enablers and barriers to implementing teaching, we hoped to identify the components of a successful teaching programme. Four care homes in Enfield received training on topics such as deterioration recognition over a 1-year period. The project was evaluated at 3, 6 and 9 months. Each evaluation comprised pre-and-post-teaching questionnaires, focus groups, analysis of percentages of staff trained, review of overall and potentially avoidable, hospital admission rates. A Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle structure was used. The programme was well-received by carersunication systems.please ensure space here. Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) requires intensive, complex and multidisciplinary care to maximize the clinical benefit. In current practice this is typically a task for highly specialised physicians. We report on a novel multidisciplinary, standardised CRT care pathway (CRT-CPW). Experienced clinicians developed a CPW with simple and broadly applicable aids based on clinical evidence and identified shortcomings in the current CRT care. The resulting CPW was implemented at the Maastricht University Medical Center, aiming at a transfer from heterogeneous physician-led care to standardized nurse-led care. Two CRT patient cohorts were compared in this analysis. The benchmarked usual care cohort (2012-2014, 122 patients) was compared with the CRT-CPW cohort (2015-2017, 115 patients). The primary outcomes were process-related number of physician consultations, nurse consultations, length of stay (LOS) at implantation and total hospitalisation days during 1-year follow-up, and referral-to-treatment timeill focus on impact on outcomes versus costs, to evaluate cost-effectiveness of the CRT-CPW.The introduction of a novel CRT-CPW resulted in a successful transition of physician-led to nurse-led care, with a significantly reduced resource use and equal clinical outcomes. Future evaluations will focus on impact on outcomes versus costs, to evaluate cost-effectiveness of the CRT-CPW. The psychological impacts of injuries in youth athletes remain poorly defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of injury on quality of life (QOL) and sleep in female high school volleyball athletes. 2073 female high school volleyball players (15.6±1.1 years) completed the Pediatric Quality of Life survey (total QOL, physical, social, school, emotional and psychosocial function) and reported average sleep duration at the start and end of the season. Injury data were collected by school athletic trainers. Mixed effects linear regression models were used to compare changes in QOL and sleep duration during the season between (1) injured and uninjured athletes and (2) injured athletes who did or did not suffer a season-ending injury. Time-loss injuries were reported in 187 athletes with complete preseason and postseason data. During the season, injured athletes demonstrated a greater decrease in total QOL (β=-1.3±0.5, p=0.012), as well as physical function (β=-1.6±0.6, p=0.012), school function (β=-2.0±0.76, p=0.01) and psychosocial function domains (β=-1.2±0.6, p=0.039) compared with uninjured athletes. Athletes who sustained a season-ending injury had a significantly greater decrease in total QOL (β=-6.8±2.0, p=0.006) and physical function (β=-17±2.9, p<0.001) compared with injured athletes who were able to return to play during the season. In-season injuries are associated with significant decreases in total QOL as well as physical and psychosocial function. Healthcare providers should consider the impacts of injuries on QOL and sleep in youth athletes in order to optimise management and improve overall health.In-season injuries are associated with significant decreases in total QOL as well as physical and psychosocial function. Healthcare providers should consider the impacts of injuries on QOL and sleep in youth athletes in order to optimise management and improve overall health.