Equine sport agencies list steroids as prohibited substances for competing horses. The objective of this study was to investigate if the controlled substances dexamethasone and prednisolone are detectable in equine serum and urine samples during and after treatment with eye drops and if this can generate a positive doping test. Prospective cohort study. The study cohort included 11 horses. One eye of the horses was treated with either dexamethasone (Maxitrol 0.1%, n=5 eyes) or prednisolone (Pred forte 1%, n=6 eyes) eye drops 3 times daily for 14days. Dexamethasone and prednisolone concentrations were determined in serum and urine at day 0 (negative control), 1, 7, 14, 15, 17 and 21 using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Blood samples were collected within 2hours post application. Urine samples were collected during spontaneous urination. All serum samples (range 0.7-43ng/mL, mean 2.1ng/mL) and urine samples (range 1.2-5ng/mL, mean 0.8ng/mL) showed measurable amounts of dexamethasosolone one week after treatment cessation. To identify whether a poorly developed lower uterine segment (PDLUS) observed during cervical length (CL) screening affects the duration of gestation in women with no prior spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). A retrospective cohort study of women with a singleton gestation and no prior sPTB, who underwent transvaginal CL screening at our institution. We excluded women with progesterone exposure, major anomalies, and women delivering elsewhere. Women with PDLUS were compared to those with a measured (normal) CL ≥25 mm. birth gestational age (GA). sPTB <35 and 37 weeks, hospital evaluation for preterm labor without delivery, delivery indication, and mode. A Cox proportional-hazards survival model considered time from CL scan to delivery. We powered the study to detect a one-half week difference in birth GA. We included 270 women with PDLUS and 985 women with normal CL. Mean birth GA was 38.9 ± 2.0 weeks with PDLUS versus 38.7 ± 2.4 weeks with normal CL (p=.10). Women with PDLUS were less likely to experience sPTB <37 weeks (1.1% vs 3.6%; p=0.04). There was no difference in sPTB <35 weeks (0.8% vs 1.7%; p=.25). Hospital evaluation for preterm labor (17% vs 19%; p=.54), delivery indication, and mode were not different. The hazard ratio for earlier birth in women with PDLUS was 0.67 (95% CI 0.46, 0.98; p=.04). We observed no difference in mean GA at birth; however, PDLUS was protective against sPTB <37 weeks and was associated with a lower hazard ratio for earlier birth.We observed no difference in mean GA at birth; however, PDLUS was protective against sPTB less then 37 weeks and was associated with a lower hazard ratio for earlier birth. Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have emerged as one of the most exciting new treatments for patients with certain types of cancer. Haematologic toxicities are common adverse events (AEs) for all PARP inhibitors. We conducted a meta-analysis to fully investigate the haematologic toxicities of PARP inhibitors in cancer patients. PubMed/Medline and Embase were searched for articles published till September 2020. The relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in cancer patients treated with PARP inhibitors were retrieved, and the systematic evaluation was performed. Twenty-nine RCTs and 9247 patients were included. The current meta-analysis suggests that the use of PARP inhibitors significantly increases the risk of all-grade anaemia (RR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.78-3.01; p<0.00001), neutropenia (RR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.38-2.07; p<0.00001) and thrombocytopenia (RR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.87-3.45; p<0.00001). The use of these agents also significantly increased the risk of high-grade anaemia (RR, 3.06; 95% CI, 2.11-4.43; p<0.00001), neutropenia (RR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.33-2.07; p<0.00001) and thrombocytopenia (RR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.83-4.16; p<0.00001). Anaemia was the most common haematologic toxicity, and all the five included PARP inhibitors were associated with a significant increased risk of anaemia. Combination treatment may reduce the risk of anaemia and thrombocytopenia compared to those receiving PARP inhibitor monotherapy. The available data suggested that the use of PARP inhibitors was associated with a significantly increased risk of haematologic toxicities.The available data suggested that the use of PARP inhibitors was associated with a significantly increased risk of haematologic toxicities. Coronary artery fistula (CAF) is a rare cardiac anomaly that typically presents as a continuous murmur in an otherwise asymptomatic patient. Occasionally, it can result in congestive heart failure or bacterial endocarditis. To better delineate the course of coronary artery fistula using an intracoronary injection of SonoVue contrast agent, while performing transthoracic echocardiography. A referred 46-year-old man, with a history of exertional dyspnea for almost 3months, was admitted to the hospital with progressive dyspnea and assessed under suspicion of CAF. find more CAF was seen with a coronary angiogram, but the exact entry point in the left ventricle or left atrial wall could not be determined. CT angiography also failed to establish the drainage site, so CAG (coronary angiography) was repeated with the SonoVue contrast agent injected into LM (Left main) while using a Siemens echocardiography machine. Multiple views were obtained during the injection and revealed unusual flow in the left ventricle just below the PML (posterior mitral leaflet) and passing through the fistula to LV. Contrast-enhanced echocardiography by direct intracoronary injection of SonoVue contrast agent is safe and can aid in the delineation of fistula drainage.Contrast-enhanced echocardiography by direct intracoronary injection of SonoVue contrast agent is safe and can aid in the delineation of fistula drainage. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction is common, with a greater prevalence in females. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used for clinical investigation, ultrasonography represents a potential alternative in some clinical scenarios. We designed a protocol for ultrasonographic evaluation of the TMJ and assessed its reliability. Presentation was compared between the sexes to establish whether an anatomical dichotomy underlies the female preponderance of TMJ dysfunction. Ultrasound imaging of the TMJ was carried out in the longitudinal and oblique planes. Standard images were produced using model skulls and healthy volunteers. Measurements were made between the temporal bone, mandibular condyle, joint capsule and overlying skin, as well as of condylar translation during mouth opening. Both joints were scanned in 50 healthy volunteers. Measurements were repeated to evaluate reliability. A novel classification system was used to assess lateral condylar morphology. The protocol facilitated reliable visualization of key anatomical features of the TMJ (average intraclass correlation coefficient=0.